
Chiratidzi (Demonstrative)
Kune mhando mbiri dzezviratidzi:
1) Zviratidzi zvepedyo. (near demostrative)
2) Zviratidzi zvekure. (far demonstrative)
Zviratidzi zvinoenderana nemipanda yemazita yazvinodudzira sezvizvi:
| Mupanda | Zita | Chiratidzi Chepedyo | Chekure |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | murume | uyu | uyo |
| 2 | vasikana | ava | avo |
| 3 | mweya | uyu | iyo |
| 4 | moto | iyi | iyo |
| 5 | jira | iri | iro |
| 6 | mapadza | aya | ayo |
| 7 | chitoro | ichi | icho |
| 8 | zvipatara | izvi | izvo |
| 9 | mhuka | iyi | iyo |
| 10 | nzira | idzi | idzo |
| 11 | rukova | urwu | urwo |
| 12 | kambwa | aka | ako |
| 13 | twuvana | utwu | utwo |
| 14 | huroyi | uhu | uho |
| 15 | kuba | uku | uko |
| 16 | pamba | apa | apo |
| 17 | kumusoro | uku | uko |
| 18 | mumuti | umu | umo |
| 19 | svisikana | isvi | isvo |
| 21 | zimbwa | iri | iro |
Maumbirwo ezviratidzi
Mazita emupanda mumwe nemumwe ose anowirirana nechiratidzi chemupanda chimwechete chekure uye chimwechete chepadyo. Zviratidzi zvekure nezvepadyo zvakasiyana maumbirwo azvo.
1. Zviratidzi zvepedyo ( near demonstratives)
Chitsigisi + chiratidza mupanda chechiratidzi (stabiliser + demonstrative affix)
u- + -yu uyu
i- + -chi ichi
u- + -rwu urwu
2 Zviratidzi zvekure (far demonstratives)
Chitsigisi + chiratidzamupanda chechiratidzi + nzvovera -o (stabiliser +demonstrative affix + terminal vowel -o)
u- + -y- + -o uyo
i- + -ch- + -o icho
Dzimwe nguva chiratidzi chinogona kudzokororwa kana chichishandiswa mukugadzira zvirevo sokuti:
a) Chikoro chichi chine vana vasinganzwi.
b) Munhu yuyu achandinetsa.
Kana chiratidzi chichidzokorodzwa zvinoreva kuti vara rekutanga i- kana rimwewo vara rinosiiwa.
Chiratidzi chinogonawo kubatanidzwa nezita, chisazitasingwi nechipauro sokuti:
a) Pambapa panongogara pachidyiwa nyama.
b) Mumundamu hamuna kurimwa chinhu gore rakapera.
c) Tese tinoziva kuti gomoro rinoera.
Zviratidzi zvekure zvakafanana nezvisazitasingwi zemipanda pakuumbwa kwazvo. Sokuti:
| Mupnda | Chiratidzi chekure | Chisazitasingwi |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | miti iyo | iyo miti |
| 5 | banga iro | iro banga |
| 7 | chitoro icho | icho chikoro |
| 10 | mombe idzo | idzo mombe |
| 14 | uroyi ihwo | ihwo uroyi |
| 21 | zimbwa iro | iro zimbwa |