Chiratidzi (Demonstrative)
Kune mhando mbiri dzezviratidzi:
1) Zviratidzi zvepedyo. (near demostrative)
2) Zviratidzi zvekure. (far demonstrative)
Zviratidzi zvinoenderana nemipanda yemazita yazvinodudzira sezvizvi:
Mupanda | Zita | Chiratidzi Chepedyo | Chekure |
---|---|---|---|
1 | murume | uyu | uyo |
2 | vasikana | ava | avo |
3 | mweya | uyu | iyo |
4 | moto | iyi | iyo |
5 | jira | iri | iro |
6 | mapadza | aya | ayo |
7 | chitoro | ichi | icho |
8 | zvipatara | izvi | izvo |
9 | mhuka | iyi | iyo |
10 | nzira | idzi | idzo |
11 | rukova | urwu | urwo |
12 | kambwa | aka | ako |
13 | twuvana | utwu | utwo |
14 | huroyi | uhu | uho |
15 | kuba | uku | uko |
16 | pamba | apa | apo |
17 | kumusoro | uku | uko |
18 | mumuti | umu | umo |
19 | svisikana | isvi | isvo |
21 | zimbwa | iri | iro |
Maumbirwo ezviratidzi
Mazita emupanda mumwe nemumwe ose anowirirana nechiratidzi chemupanda chimwechete chekure uye chimwechete chepadyo. Zviratidzi zvekure nezvepadyo zvakasiyana maumbirwo azvo.
1. Zviratidzi zvepedyo ( near demonstratives)
Chitsigisi + chiratidza mupanda chechiratidzi (stabiliser + demonstrative affix)
u- + -yu uyu
i- + -chi ichi
u- + -rwu urwu
2 Zviratidzi zvekure (far demonstratives)
Chitsigisi + chiratidzamupanda chechiratidzi + nzvovera -o (stabiliser +demonstrative affix + terminal vowel -o)
u- + -y- + -o uyo
i- + -ch- + -o icho
Dzimwe nguva chiratidzi chinogona kudzokororwa kana chichishandiswa mukugadzira zvirevo sokuti:
a) Chikoro chichi chine vana vasinganzwi.
b) Munhu yuyu achandinetsa.
Kana chiratidzi chichidzokorodzwa zvinoreva kuti vara rekutanga i- kana rimwewo vara rinosiiwa.
Chiratidzi chinogonawo kubatanidzwa nezita, chisazitasingwi nechipauro sokuti:
a) Pambapa panongogara pachidyiwa nyama.
b) Mumundamu hamuna kurimwa chinhu gore rakapera.
c) Tese tinoziva kuti gomoro rinoera.
Zviratidzi zvekure zvakafanana nezvisazitasingwi zemipanda pakuumbwa kwazvo. Sokuti:
Mupnda | Chiratidzi chekure | Chisazitasingwi |
---|---|---|
4 | miti iyo | iyo miti |
5 | banga iro | iro banga |
7 | chitoro icho | icho chikoro |
10 | mombe idzo | idzo mombe |
14 | uroyi ihwo | ihwo uroyi |
21 | zimbwa iro | iro zimbwa |