Upward, Downward, Horizontal Communication

Horizontal communication is between peers. Image credit life.wevorce.com

• When it comes to direction communication can be classified as horizontal, downward or upward
• Downward communication follows the chain of command from the topmost levels to the subordinates
• This can be used for such things as:
  1. Giving orders and instructions to subordinates
  2. To communicate objectives and goals to subordinates
  3. To assign work
  4. To control operations
• Upward communication is when information flows up the chain of command from subordinates to superiors
• This can happen in instances such as:
  1. To report back on assigned tasks and commands
  2. To express views
  3. To highlight problems
  4. To seek clarification from superior
  5. To make requests to superiors
• Both upward communication and downward communication are known as vertical communication
• Horizontal communication refers to both formal and informal contact between people who are at the same level within the organisation.
• This can happen when peers come together to:
  1. To coordinate
  2. To solve problems together
  3. To offer advice to each other
• Communication can also be classified as either two way or one-way
• One way communication is when communication flows in one direction only and the receiver has little room to provide feedback, seek clarification or say whether they have understood the message
• Examples of one way communication include notice boards etc
• One way communication is often associated with the autocratic leadership style
• Two way communication is when there is ample room for feedback
• This allows the receiver say whether they have understood the message and to seek clarification
• It also allows the listener to contribute their own ideas to the process
• Two way communication is often associated with the democratic leadership style
• It also leads to better decision making

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