Image credit contest-corner.com ZIMSEC O Level Shona Notes: Kuumbwa kwemibvunzo paChishona
1. Kushandisa /-ngani?/ kanakut /-nganai?/
Sokuti: Mombe dzako ingani?
Zvakaitika runganai?
2. Kushandisa /-pi/
Sokuti: Vaenda nekupi?
3. Kushandisa /-su/
Chiratidzi (Demonstrative)
Kune mhando mbiri dzezviratidzi:
1) Zviratidzi zvepedyo. (near demostrative)
2) Zviratidzi zvekure. (far demonstrative)
Zviratidzi zvinoenderana nemipanda yemazita yazvinodudzira sezvizvi:
Maumbirwo ezviratidzi
Mazita emupanda mumwe nemumwe ose anowirirana nechiratidzi chemupanda chimwechete chekure uye chimwechete chepadyo. Zviratidzi zvekure nezvepadyo zvakasiyana maumbirwo azvo.
1. Zviratidzi zvepedyo ( near demonstratives)
Chitsigisi + chiratidza mupanda chechiratidzi (stabiliser + demonstrative […]
Chipauro (Adjective)
Chipauro inzwi rinoshandiswa kutsanangura zita sokuti: Murume murefu.
Maumbirwo ezvipauro
Chipauro chinowirirana nezita rachirikutsanangura pazvivakashure zvacho. Chipauro chakaumbwa sezvizvi:
Chivakashure + Dzitsi rechipauro.
Mienzaniso
Zvivakashure zvezvipauro
Sezvaratidzwa pamusoro chipauro chinotora chivakashure chemupanda wezita rachirikutsanangura. Zvichireva kuti kana zita risina chivakashure chipauro chacho chinenge chisinawo chivakashure. Sokuti:
(ri-) + -chira (ri-) -chena […]
Chisazitasingwi (Pronoun)
Chisazitasingwi inzwi rinomirira kana kushanda panzvimbo yezita patinenge tichitaura. Sokuti:
Iye ane mari yangu.
Icho chikoro chacho chimbori kupi?
Dzimwe nguva tinogona kushandisa chisazitasingwi nezita racho. Sokuti:
Iyo $5 yacho aiisa pai?
Iye Taurai haanzwiwo mhani!
Kuumbwa kwezvisazitasingwi
Zvisazitasingwi zvinoumbwa maererano nemipanda yemazita azvinomirira. Mupanda mumwe nomumwe unechisazitasingwi chinoumirira uye chinogona kushandiswa nemazita ose omupanda uyu.
Zvisazitasingwi zvose […]
Zita (noun)
Mazita akaumbwa nezvinhu zviviri: chivakashure (prefix) + dzitsi (stem) sokuti:
Zita Chivakashure […]
Mipanda yemazita (Noun classes)
Mupanda 1
Munowanikwa mazita anechekuita nevanhu. Chivakashure ndi /mu-/ kana /mw-/ sokuti
murume mu- + […]
Zwisiso (Comprehension)
Pabvunzo dzegore roga roga kunouya mubvunzo weNzisiso kupepa rekutanga reShona. Mubvunzo uyu unenge uine mamakisi makumi matatu [30] tichibatanidza nemamakisi gumi [10] epfupiso.
Kunze kwepfupiso Nzwisiso ibvunza mibvunzo pamusoro pendima inenge yakapihwa. Pane mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzemibvunzo inouya kuNzwisiso kusanganisira inotevera:
a) Mibvunzo inoda mhinduro iri mundima yakapiwa sokuti: ” […]
Pfupiso (Summary)
Pamubvunzo weNzwisiso panenge paine mubvunzo wepfupiso unenge uine mamakisi gumi [10]. KuShona kune mhando mbiri dzepfupiso inonzi paChirungu precis neinonzi summary. Hazvinyanyokoshi kuti uzive mutsauko uri pakati pepfupiso mbiri idzi. Zvakakosha pakupindura mubvunzo wepfupiso ndeizvi:
a) Nyatsoverenga mubvunzo uzive zvaurikuda kuti upfupikise chaizvo. Kunyangwe zvazvo mibvunzo yepfupiso isingavanzo shanduka usachimbidze kupindura mubvunzo […]
Image credit necessarywriters.com ZIMSEC O Level Shona Notes: Kupatsanura Zviito