Cambridge IGCSE Accounting(0452)/O Level Principles of Accounts(7110) Notes: The format of a Simple Trading and Profit and Loss Account

The Name of the Business/Proprieter

Salesxxxxx
Less Cost of Sales
Opening stockxx
Add Purchases

xxx

xxxx
Less Closing stock

(xx)

(xxxx)

Gross Profitxxx
Rent receivablexxxx
Less: Expenses
Rentxx
Advertising expensesxx
Wagesxx
Stationaryxx
Motor vehicle expensesxx

(xxx)

Net Profit/Loss

xx

NB The exact names and types of expenses and other income will vary from business to business you should take your cue from the examination question

Trading and Profit and Loss Account and the Expense accounts

  • Typical expense accounts such as rent, wages and salaries etc are closed off at the end of the trading period
  • This is done by crediting the expense accounts which have a debit balance and debiting the Profit and Loss account
  • Since the Trading and Profit and Loss Account is prepared in a columnar expenses are deducted from the gross profit instead
  • It is customary to add up all the expenses first then deducting the entire column from the gross profit (after adding other revenue)
  • The result is net profit or net loss

To access more topics go to the Cambridge IGCSE Accounting(0452)/O Level Principles of Accounts(7110) Notes.