February 2025

Natural Resouces: Fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:31:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing in a river. Image credit africanfishermanonline.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Introduction

Introduction

  • The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) countries are found between the Atlantic Ocean on the west and Indian Ocean on the east.
  • The region is endowed with large fresh water bodies.
  • These are in the […]
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Problems faced by the ocean and sea fishing industry

By |2025-02-12T09:12:49+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing using mosquito nets along the coast of Tanzania. Image credit nytimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Problems faced by sea fishing industry

  • The sea fishing industry in Southern Africa faces a number of problems which include the following.

Over-exploitation of marine resources particularly fish.

  • Fishing has increasingly become […]
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Nuclear power: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:36:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Koeberg Nuclear Power Station South Africa. Image credit melkbos.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Nuclear power

  • Nuclear power production is similar to thermal power production in a number of ways.
  • Both require a fuel to heat water and convert it to steam.
  • However, in the case of nuclear power, […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of wood as a source of energy

By |2025-02-12T09:01:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Burning wood. Image credit villagenews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Advantages and Disadvantages of wood/crop residue/cow dung  as a source of energy

Advantages

  • Renewable energy sources.
  • Cheap or free in rural areas.
  • Easily accessible where forests or woodlands/crops/animals exist.
  • Tsotso stoves conserve live trees.
  • Technology very cheap and readily […]
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Humidity

By |2025-02-12T09:08:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

Wet and dry bulb thermometer. Image by TradeIndia Wet and dry bulb thermometer. Image by TradeIndia ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Humidity

-a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere.

  • It is measured using a hydrometer.
  • The wet and dry bulb thermometer is also known as a psychrometer.
  • Weather satellites can […]
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Faulting

By |2025-02-12T09:28:52+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography|

Common types of faults. Common types of faults. Image via Noaa.gov ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Faulting.

  • Lateral earth movements often produce very great stresses due to compressional forces (when plates move towards one another) and tensional forces (pulling apart).
  • These forces can cause fractures or breaks in the earth’s crust.
  • When breaks […]
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Landforms resulting from weathering

By |2025-02-12T09:18:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ruware/Dwala. Image credit WordPress.com Ruware/Dwala. Image credit WordPress.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landforms resulting from weathering.

  • Weathering processes and usually in conjunction with other denudation processes such as water and wind erosion and mass wasting results in the formation of various landscapes.
  • In temperate and tropical latitudes these include:

1.Inselbergs/Monadnocks

  • The […]
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Wadis,Bahadas and the Desert Piedmont zone

By |2025-02-12T09:05:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Alluvial fan/Bajada/Bahada. Image credit MediaWiki Alluvial fan/Bajada/Bahada. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Wadis and Bahadas

Wadis/Canyons

  • As already pointed out freak storms occur in deserts characterised by excessive precipitation over short periods of time.
  • Due to infiltration excess flow and even saturation excess flow there is significant run off in the […]
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