February 2025

Streambank cultivation,gold panning and other human activities

By |2025-02-12T09:10:51+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Bananas growing near a stream. Image credit MediaWiki. Bananas growing near a stream. Image credit MediaWiki. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Processes: Stream bank cultivation

  • Stream bank cultivation refers to the practice of growing or cultivation of crops near a wetland, stream or river.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa has faced political, socio-economic problems […]
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Registration as a source of population information

By |2025-02-12T09:00:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Zimbabwean ID document. Image credit newzimbabwe.com A Zimbabwean ID document. Image credit newzimbabwe.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Registration as a source of population information

  • Most governments, and the Zimbabwean government is no exception, require that its citizens register themselves with various government departments.
  • Primarily these registrations are with the office of […]
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Causes of Migrations

By |2025-02-12T09:19:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Causes of Migration. Image credit rnw.nl

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Causes of Migrations

  • Generally factors that affect migration are divide into two:
  • push factors and
  • pull factors
  • Push factors are those that are responsible for driving people from an area
  • Pull factors are those that attract people to an area.

    • […]

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Factors influencing farming: Economic factors

By |2025-02-12T09:00:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Farming requires transport to move the produce to the market. Image credit farmradio.fm

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Factors influencing farming: Economic factors

Transport

  • Types of transport available, time taken, and the cost of moving raw materials is one of the economic factors.
  • For perishable commodities for example milk, an efficient transport network is […]
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Human Farm Inputs: Seeds and Fertilizer

By |2025-02-12T09:27:20+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fertilizer is often a critical input

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Human Farm Inputs: Seeds and Fertilizer
Seeds

  • These determine the germination rate, growth status and productivity level of crops.
  • Traditional farmers use seeds from the previous year’s harvest.
  • These seed mostly would have been damaged by fungi, insects and rodents such that their […]
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Commercial farming in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:31:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Commercial Farm in Zimbabwe.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Commercial farming in Zimbabwe

Inputs

  • Land– ranges from 500 to 100 000 ha.
  • Rainfall– water for irrigation comes from rivers, dams, lakes or aquifers.
  • Capital– comes from banks or other farmers.
  • Labour– this comes from the farmers himself, skilled and […]
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A case study of ZISCO

By |2025-02-12T09:13:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A blast furnace at ZISCO steel company. Image credit media.glassdoor.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Iron and Steel Industry:A case study of ZISCO

  • This kind of industry is raw material based.

Raw materials required

  • Iron ore (Fe) is used to make pig iron or steel; scrap metal may be used in its place.
  • Limestone (CaCO3) […]
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Air Transport in Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:16:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ethopian airways. Image credit financialgazette.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport:Air Transport in Africa

  • Africa’s air transport is poorly organised at both the international and regional levels for the movement of passenger and freight.
  • Whilst global passenger and freight traffic have been growing annually, Africa’s situation is one where volumes are […]
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Export Processing Zones

By |2025-02-12T09:11:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Export Processing Zone at Beitbridge

Ways of improving Zimbabwe’s export potential

  • One way of improving foreign trade was to introduce the Zimbabwe International Trade Fair (ZITF).
  • This is held annually in Bulawayo as a showcase for Zimbabwe’s products.
  • Zimbabwean companies also participate in trade fairs organized by other countries for example Zambia, […]
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