February 2025

Commerce: Shares

By |2025-02-12T09:12:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Share certificate. Image credit genafashion.com Share certificate. Image credit genafashion.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Shares

Shares

  • A share is a unit of capital.
  • Business capital is divided into several units.
  • Owners of shares are called shareholders.

Types (Classes) of shares

Ordinary shares

  • Are also known as equities.
  • Receive dividends at variable rates which depend on profits made.
  • Receive […]
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Consumers

By |2025-02-12T09:27:52+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

image credit sheknows.com image credit sheknows.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Consumers

  • Consumers themselves can protect themselves and their interests by practising the following:
  • Prepare a shopping list and budget what to buy so as to avoid impulse buying.
  • Do window-shopping in order to compare prices and quality of goods from different shops […]
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Commerce: Management Functions: Planning

By |2025-02-12T09:23:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Management Functions: Planning

  • In the introduction we looked at management is
  • To reiterate management can be defined as doing work through others
  • It can also be defined in terms of the functions/duties of a manager
  • Management as an organisational/business activity that involves the planning, organizing, leading/commanding, controlling and coordinating of the […]
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Financial Insitutions

By |2025-02-12T09:33:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

BancABC bank. Image credit thestandard.co.zw BancABC bank. Image credit thestandard.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Commerce : Financial Institutions Click on any institution to read more about it. Click on an institution to read more about it.

Financial institutions

  • These are entities that provide financial services to people and other businesses.

Types of Financial […]

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Trade and Cash discounts

By |2025-02-12T09:29:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit seawaytrail.com Image credit seawaytrail.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Retail Trade: Trade and Cash discounts

Trade discount

  • a gross deduction from the gross invoice or catalog price
  • given by one trader to another
  • varies with the quantity and type of goods purchased and is deducted at the point of sale
  • usually the rate […]
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Introduction, Purpose and importance of Advertising

By |2025-02-12T08:56:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Econet Advert. Image credit techzim.co.zw Econet Advert. Image credit techzim.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Advertising: Introduction, Purpose and importance of Advertising

Advertising

  • It is the act or practice of calling public attention to one’s product, service, need, etc.,

Purpose/Importance of advertising to consumers

  • It informs consumers about the following:
  • The prices of various goods […]
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Disadvantages of Advertising

By |2025-02-12T09:13:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A cadbury Advertisement. Image credit jtresca.com A cadbury Advertisement. Image credit jtresca.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Advertising: Disadvantages of Advertising

The disadvantages of advertising to consumers.

  • It leads to overspending
  • It leads to impulse buying
  • It leads to higher prices if advertising campaign is unsuccessful.
  • Advertised goods may be harmful.
  • Some advertisements may be false, […]
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