January 2023

Commerce: Management Functions: Leading/Commanding

By |2022-09-15T12:30:19+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes:Management Functions: Leading/Commanding

  • As already said in the introduction to management
  • Management is defined in simple terms as the art of doing work through others
  • It involves five functions namely:
    • Planning
    • Organising
    • Leading/Commanding
    • Coordinating
    • Controlling
  • These are often called the five functions of management
  • In this section, we will talk about leading/commanding
  • […]

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Money and its characteristics

By |2022-09-15T12:43:47+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Money. Image credit noirg.org Money. Image credit noirg.org ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Money and its characteristics

  • Money was developed to overcome some of the problems of barter trade.
  • There are many forms of money viz:
  • Bank notes and coins
  • Cheques
  • Money orders
  • Bills of exchange
  • Postal Orders

Legal tender

  • Bank notes and coins are legal tender.
  • These are issued […]
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Advantages and disadvantages of large-scale retailing

By |2022-09-15T12:43:27+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit spar-international.com Image credit spar-international.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Retail Trade: Advantages and disadvantages of large-scale retailing

Advantages of large-scale retailing

The retailers have large amounts of capital which allows them to:

  • buy goods in bulk on cash at low prices
  • advertise the goods
  • operate own transport
  • build own warehouse
  • employ specialists
  • can sell goods at […]
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Other types of warehouses

By |2022-09-15T12:43:21+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Warehousing|

Goods in a removals warehouse. Image credit office-removals.co.uk Goods in a removals warehouse. Image credit office-removals.co.uk ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Warehousing: Other types of Warehouses

Distribution warehouse

  • They are used by manufacturers who cannot afford to have their own warehouse to store goods such as clothes and electrical appliances.
  • They are used […]
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The influence of prepackaging and branding on advertising

By |2022-09-15T12:43:14+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Packaging. Image credit tablet-news.net Packaging. Image credit tablet-news.net ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Advertising: The influence of prepackaging and branding on advertising

HOW BRANDING HAS INFLUENCED ADVERTISING?

  • Branding goods makes them easier to identify.
  • Because goods are given names or trademarks that distinguish them from each other.
  • Branding makes goods attractive to consumers.
  • Goods basically advertise themselves […]
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Telex and Videoconferencing

By |2022-09-15T12:42:56+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Video conference room. Image credit color-tone.com Video conference room. Image credit colortone-av.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Communication: Telex and Teleconferencing

Telex

  • Uses a teleprinter and a telephone.
  • Messages can be received even if the office is closed.
  • Can operate unattended.
  • Provides a written record.
  • Has a telex number
  • The message can be corrected before sending it.

Video […]

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Marine Insurance

By |2022-09-15T12:42:46+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit nauticalexpo.com Image credit nauticalexpo.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Insurance: Marine Insurance

Marine insurance

  • Covers against losses occurring at sea.

Cargo insurance

  • Covers against loss of goods transported by sea or goods transported by ships at sea.
  • Covers against damages or loss of goods during transportation.
  • Can be voyage policy ie. Cargo is insured […]
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