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Commerce: Management Functions: Leading/Commanding
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Commerce: Management Functions: Leading/Commanding

Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes

Commerce: Management Functions: Leading/Commanding

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:22:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes:Management Functions: Leading/Commanding

As already said in the introduction to management
Management is defined in simple terms as the art of doing work through others
It involves five functions namely:
- Planning
- Organising
- Leading/Commanding
- Coordinating
- Controlling
These are often called the five functions of management
In this section, we will talk about leading/commanding

[…]

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Letter inquiry and Order Note

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:08:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

An Order form. Image credit sru.edu An Order form. Image credit sru.edu ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Letter of Inquiry

Letter of inquiry

It is a letter written by a buyer/potential buyer to a supplier or to several suppliers.
It shows the names and addresses of both the buyer and the seller.
It has […]

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Money and its characteristics

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:32:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Money. Image credit noirg.org ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Money and its characteristics

Money was developed to overcome some of the problems of barter trade.
There are many forms of money viz:
Bank notes and coins
Cheques
Money orders
Bills of exchange
Postal Orders

Legal tender

Bank notes and coins are legal tender.
These are issued […]

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Cheques

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:10:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A cheque book showing a cheque. Image credit blogspot.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Money and Banking: Cheques

Cheques

There ar two main types of cheques viz:
Bearer’s cheques.
Order cheques.

Bearer’s cheques An assortment of RBZ issued bearer's cheques. Image credit [...]
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Advantages and disadvantages of large-scale retailing

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:28:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit spar-international.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Retail Trade: Advantages and disadvantages of large-scale retailing

Advantages of large-scale retailing

The retailers have large amounts of capital which allows them to:

buy goods in bulk on cash at low prices
advertise the goods
operate own transport
build own warehouse
employ specialists
can sell goods at […]

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Other types of warehouses

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:45:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Warehousing|

Goods in a removals warehouse. Image credit office-removals.co.uk ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Warehousing: Other types of Warehouses

Distribution warehouse

They are used by manufacturers who cannot afford to have their own warehouse to store goods such as clothes and electrical appliances.
They are used […]

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The influence of prepackaging and branding on advertising

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:08:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Packaging. Image credit tablet-news.net ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Advertising: The influence of prepackaging and branding on advertising

HOW BRANDING HAS INFLUENCED ADVERTISING?

Branding goods makes them easier to identify.
Because goods are given names or trademarks that distinguish them from each other.
Branding makes goods attractive to consumers.
Goods basically advertise themselves […]

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Oil Bulk Ore (O.B.O) Ships

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:26:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Transport|

Sabrina I, a bulk carrier. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Transport: Oil Bulk Ore (O.B.O) Ships

Bulk Carriers

They are also known as Bulk Carriers.
They are a specialised type of ship (tankers) which carry special types of cargo.
These are bulk carrier […]

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Telex and Videoconferencing

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:42:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Video conference room. Image credit colortone-av.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Communication: Telex and Teleconferencing

Telex

Uses a teleprinter and a telephone.
Messages can be received even if the office is closed.
Can operate unattended.
Provides a written record.
Has a telex number
The message can be corrected before sending it.

Video […]

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Marine Insurance

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:08:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit nauticalexpo.com Image credit nauticalexpo.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Insurance: Marine Insurance

Marine insurance

Covers against losses occurring at sea.

Cargo insurance

Covers against loss of goods transported by sea or goods transported by ships at sea.
Covers against damages or loss of goods during transportation.
Can be voyage policy ie. Cargo is insured […]

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February 2025