second chimurenga Archives - Page 2 of 3 - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: African Religious Movements

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:27+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Church at St Faith’s Mission Rusape

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: African Religious Movements

After Africans failed to achieve mileage with petitions they decided to resist European dominance through events organized by African sponsored churches
Many Africans joined churches which opposed colonialist […]

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ZANU Military Tactics

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:14+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZANLA Fighters at a community meeting

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: ZANU Military Tactics

Recruitment into the ZANU army became almost automatic
After political education, most young men and women voluntarily joined the guerillas (Vakomana neVasikana)
Pungwes increased and intensified and were attended […]

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The WatchTower Movement

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:28+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Watchtower Church. Image credit abbarch.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: The Watch Tower Movement

The movement was influenced by the black American missionary activity in South Africa of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (Jehovah’s Witnesses)
the movement converted miners who […]

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The Second Chimurenga: Escalation of the War

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:13+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Rhodesia Army soldier standing guard while people play golf

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Escalation of War

The war spread throughout Rhodesia by 1977 and ZANLA forces were stationed in Mozambique and they operated in Mashonaland whilst ZIPRA were in Matebeleland and stationed in […]

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The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Welfare Associations

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:28+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Black workers in Gwelo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Welfare Associations

Africans also protested through welfare associations
The welfare associations were set up to help those in need
They looked non-political on the surface but deep down they had political roots
An example […]

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The Kissinger Proposals

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:13+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The American Career diplomat Henry Kissinger. Image credit Huffington Post

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: The Kissinger Proposals

Efforts to get a peaceful settlement were necessary after the war were now necessary after 1977
Nkomo and Smith had failed to reach a consensus […]

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Political Associations and Workers Unions

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:28+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hebert Chitepo and his wife.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Political Associations and Workers Unions

Africans between the 1920s-1940s saw the need to move from disorderly protests in the form of religious organizations and welfare organizations and they started forming trade unions and […]

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Geneva Conference 1976 and Malta Talks 1978

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:13+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mugabe in 1976

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Geneva Conference 1976 and Malta Talks 1978

In October 1976 ZANU and ZAPU united to form a Patriotic Front
They then went to a negotiating conference in Geneva, Switzerland as a united front and all negotiation which […]

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Modern Nationalism: Struggle for One Man One Vote (1950-65)

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:35:29+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A young Joshua Nkomo (seated).

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Modern Nationalism: Struggle for One Man One Vote (1950-65)

The new nationalism of the 1950 challenged white dominance and advocated for equality in all spheres of lives
It also demanded Universal Suffrage that is […]

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