o level geography notes Archives - Page 2 of 7 - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Location and Causes of Hot Deserts

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:31:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A map showing the location of the world’s major deserts. Image credit English-Online.net ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Location of Hot Deserts.

The largest arid and semi-arid deserts occur between latitudes 15° and 30° North and South of […]

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Gorges /Canyons

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:34:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

The Gorges du Verdon. Image credit weebly.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Gorges

Gorge– is a narrow valley between hills or mountains, typically with steep rocky walls and a river/stream running through it.
These can occur in virtually any part of a river’s course provided […]

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Sunshine

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:16:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

A sunshine recorder. Image by Rfuess-Mueller. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Sunshine

It has a glass sphere surrounded by a metal frame.
On the frame is attached a sensitive card.
The sphere focuses the sun’s rays onto the card.
As the sun moves across the sky it burns […]

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Land-forms resulting from folding

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:24:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The fold mountains of the Cape are among the most prominent features of folding. Image via AfricanSky.

Land-forms resulting from folding

Several landforms are formed during the folding process including:

Anticlines
Nappe fold
Overthrust
Overfold
Recumbent
Fold mountains

1. Anticline

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Wind Action: Wind Erosion

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:35:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Wind carved flints stones in a desert. Image credit asergeev.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Wind Action in Deserts

Wind is a process where the wind detaches soil particles from the land surface and transports them by its force.
It occurs when […]

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Pot Holes

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:36:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Potholes. Image credit thunderbolts.info Potholes. Image credit coolgeography.co.uk ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landforms resulting form Potholes

These are circular holes bored into the solid bedrock of a river by pebbles and stones carried by the river.
The rough river bed, mostly common in the upper course section or rivers, encourages turbulent […]

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Land and sea breeze pressure system

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:20:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

Land and Sea breezes occur along coastal areas such as beaches. Image by Livescience. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Land and Sea breezes

As the name clearly suggests these breezes occur along coastal areas or along large lakes […]

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Faulting

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:28:52+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography|

Common types of faults. Image via Noaa.gov ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Faulting.

Lateral earth movements often produce very great stresses due to compressional forces (when plates move towards one another) and tensional forces (pulling apart).
These forces can cause fractures or breaks in the earth’s crust.
When breaks […]

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Wind Action in Deserts: Wind Transport and Deposition

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:38:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Wind transportation methods. Image credit apod.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Wind Action in Deserts: Wind Transport

Wind is able to transport (move) sand and dust particles depending on its speed and flow.
The effectiveness of wind erosion and transport depend on a number of factors:
Aeolian […]

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Ox-bow lakes

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:45:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Ox-bow lake. Image credit airphotona.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Ox-bow lakes

An oxbow lake is a U-shaped body of water that forms when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.
This landform is […]

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February 2025