January 2023

Types of industry: Secondary Industry

By |2022-09-15T12:36:23+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Workers at a sawmill. Image credit blogspot.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Industrial Studies: Introduction

  • These are also known as processing and manufacturing industries.
  • In these industries, the production processes are undertaken in a unit called the factory.
  • It is important to distinguish between processing and manufacturing.
  • Processing involves the initial removal of […]
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The role of service industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:05+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Banks provide essential services.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: The role of service industries

  • A service industry is an industry which provides back-up to other sectors of the economy such as primary and secondary industries as well as to the people or labour force for them to function well.
  • They are […]
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Types of industry:Tertiary/Service Industry and Quaternary Industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:22+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Rainbow Towers Hotel Harare.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Industrial Studies: Types of industry:Tertiary/Service Industry and Quaternary Industries

Tertiary or service industries

  • These industries provide back-up services to primary and secondary industries so that their functioning becomes easier.
  • Examples include administration, retailing, transport and distribution, power supplies, health, education and housing.
  • These industries […]
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Tourism Industry in Zimbabwe

By |2022-09-15T12:36:05+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Troutbeck in Nyanga. Image credit hotel-r.net

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Tourism Industry in Zimbabwe

  • Tourism has been the world’s fastest growing industry due to a number of factors.
  • This growth has been taking place in both developed and developing countries although growth rates have been varying between countries.
  • The greatest […]
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Types of industry: Other ways of classifying industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:22+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Lytton Industry Harare. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of industry: Other ways of classifying industries

  • Industries can also be classified as heavy and light industries depending on the bulk and weight of the raw materials being used.
  • The weight and size of the end products is also considered […]
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Raw Materials and Location of industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:22+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location: Raw Materials and Location of industries 

  • From this calculation, a number of situations may arise:
  • \text{Raw Materials Index (RMI)} =\dfrac{\text{weight of raw materials}}{\text{weight of finished product}}
  • The formula used is
  • Industrialists calculate what is called the raw material index (RM index) to determine how raw materials will affect the location […]
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Market and Location of industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:21+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bread is perishable and therefore it’s industries are located close to the market.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Market and Location of industries

  • Some industries are market-based not because their products are heavier than the raw materials making them, but because they are perishable.
  • Examples are opaque beer and […]
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Transport and Location of industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:21+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Raw Materials and Finished Goods both incur transport costs

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Transport and Location of industries

  • Industries locate where there are efficient, appropriate and cheap modes of transport to move their raw materials goods to markets and the labour force.
  • Generally there are two types of […]
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Power supply and Location of industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:20+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Power is important in industry

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Power supply and Location of industries

  • Almost all modern industries use electricity in their industrial process.
  • This power can come from individual small stations of thermal, nuclear or hydro-origin in which case the industries must locate close to the […]
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Government Policy and Location of industries

By |2022-09-15T12:36:20+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hon. Patrick Chinamasa presenting the budget.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Government Policy and Location of industries

  • This factor affects both industrial growth and location in a national economy in a number of ways.
  • In terms of industrial growth, government can affect this through:
  • Fiscal policy – Fiscal policy […]
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