Branding
The coke brand is one of the most popular brands in the world. Image credit etecetera.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Retail Trade :Branding
Branding
- is giving a distinguishing name label or mark to the product […]
February 2025
Television Media
TV is an example of advertising media. Image credit zopper.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce notes: Advertising: Television
- Produces both sound and vision
- Provides wide (usually national) coverage
- Advertising on colour Television is atractive and has greater impact on the audience.
- Advertisements can be repeated.
- Detailed information […]
Modes of transport: Air Transport: Air Waybill
An Air Waybill for use with FedEx. Image credit en.09635.com
Air way Bill
- Importance:
- Is a document used when goods are transported by air.
- It is a contract of carriage or an agreement to carry goods.
- A receipt for goods aboard a given aeroplane.
- It accompanies these goods.
- It contains the following […]
Bill of lading
A sample bill of lading. Image credit uvlightpen.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Transport/International Trade: Bill of Lading
Bill of lading
- Is required whenever goods are transported by sea.
- An agreement entered into by the shipping company and the exporter.
- Is evidence (acknowledgement) of receipt fr […]
How to take out an insurance policy?
Image credit anu.edu.au ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Insurance: How to take out an insurance policy?
How to take out an insurance policy.
- The prospective customer makes contact with the insurance company or obtains an insurance prospectus.
- The risk one intends to insure is discussed with an insurance broker.
- A quotation […]
Reasons for the elimination of wholesalers
Large retail shop. Image credit siemens.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Wholesale Trade: Reasons for the elimination of wholesalers
Reasons for the elimination of the wholesaler.
- Bulk buying by large scale retail organisations such as multiple shops, hypermarkets and department stores who have:
- Adequate capital to buy on cash
- Have […]
Forwarding agents/Freight Forwarders
image credit destinyman.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: International trade:Forwarding Agents/Freight Forwarders
Forwarding agents also known as Freight forwarders.
- Collect goods from consignors’ premises.
- Carry goods to their warehouses.
- Warehouse/Store the goods.
- Send goods to consignee.
- Provide facilities for export packing.
- Arrange insurance for the goods.
- Fill in the necessary documents used when goods are transported by […]
Commerce Introduction to Businesses
Image credit orangeblob.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce: Commerce Introduction to Businesses
- Business refers to:
- Activities carried out in order to make profit for example:
- manufacturing goods for sale.
- Providing services e.g. Hotels.
- Extracting minerals such as gold.
- Farming produce for sale.
- Business entities/organisations can be divided into two groups i.e. private and public sector […]
Differences between shares and debentures
Debenture certificate. Image credit catawiki.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Differences between shares and debentures
To access more topics go to the Commerce Notes page.
Terms used in business organisations
Image credit tooopen.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Terms used in business organisations
“Private”
- Membership to a private limited company is by invitation.
- Shares of a private limited company are onlys sold to invited members for example friends and relatives.
- Shares cannot be sold or bought on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange […]