February 2025

Money and Banking: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:26:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Barter Trade. Image credit passnow.com Barter Trade. Image credit passnow.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Money and Banking: Introduction

  • As already mentioned the development of specialisation led to the development of trade people sought to satisfy their unmet needs and disposed the excess goods and services they had produced.
  • This led to […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of cheques

By |2025-02-12T09:13:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit thevoicesproject.org Image credit thevoicesproject.org ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Money and Banking: Advantages and Disadvantages of cheques

  • Making payments by cheque has several advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of making payments by cheque

  • It is more convenient than carrying cash around.
  • Payments can be stopped if necessary.
  • Cheques are safer if crossed.
  • One does not […]
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Pre-packaging

By |2025-02-12T09:34:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit efroschheiser.blogse.nl Image credit efroschheiser.blogse.nl ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Retail Trade: Prepackaging

Packaging

  • refers to the practice of placing goods into containers by the manufacturers, retailers and wholesalers.

Advantages of pre-packing

  • goods become easier to display
  • some packaging protects goods against damage
  • prevents goods from deteriorating
  • reduces soiling of goods from constant consumer handling
  • allows branding […]
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Newspaper media

By |2025-02-12T09:04:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A newspaper vendor in Harare. Image credit techzim.co.zw A newspaper vendor in Harare. Image credit techzim.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Advertising: Newspaper media

Newspaper

  • Advertisements can be paced in daily, weekly or monthly newspapers.
  • They provide wide coverage.
  • They can be passed on to others for readership.
  • Can be timed or placed in various […]
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Functions of an airport authority (CAAZ)

By |2025-02-12T09:20:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Transport|

Harare International Airport at night. Image credit halbeegnews.net Harare International Airport at night. Image credit halbeegnews.net ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Transport: Functions of an airport authority (CAAZ)

Functions of an airport authority.

  • As already said above the Civil Aviation Authority […]
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Functions of a Seaport authority

By |2025-02-12T09:38:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Transport|

A ship docked at Rhizhao seaport. Image credit MediaWiki A ship docked at Rhizhao seaport. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Transport: Functions of a Seaport authority

Functions of a Sea-Port Authority

  • Ensure that seaports are accessible from the inland by both road and rail.
  • Ensures efficient handling of both imports […]
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Documents used in Insurance

By |2025-02-12T09:04:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit alleencareer.com Image credit allincareer.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Insurance: Documents used in Insurance

Documents used in insurance

  • The following documents are used in insurance:

Prospectus.

  • Shows the types of risks that can be covered.
  • Shows the name of the insurance company.
  • Contains premium to be paid.
  • States compensation to be paid.

Proposal form

  • An application for […]
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Marketing Boards

By |2025-02-12T09:17:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Tobacco field. Image credit MediaWiki Tobacco field. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: Wholesale Trade: Marketing Boards

Reasons for setting up Marketing Boards.

  • These are set up by the government for the following reasons:
  • To store agricultural produce.
  • To reduce monopolies in the selling a certain strategic goods.
  • To control the selling and buying […]
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Export and Import merchants

By |2025-02-12T09:35:03+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit importingmadeasy.com Image credit importingmadeasy.com ZIMSEC O Level Commerce Notes: International trade:Export and Import merchants

Export merchants

  • Perform the functions of traders (i.e. wholesalers or retailers).
  • Buy goods from local manufacturers.
  • Sell these goods abroad.
  • Buy and sell goods in their own names.
  • Sell goods at a profit.
  • Pay cash immediately for goods bought.
  • Reduce manufactures’ problems by exporting […]
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Commerce: Sole Trader

By |2025-02-12T09:00:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Commerce Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sole Trader. Image credit geograph.org.uk Sole Trader. Image credit geograph.org.uk ZIMSEC O Level Commerce: Sole Trader Business

Sole Trader

Features

  • Is owned by one person who provides all the capital.
  • Their motive is to make profit.
  • Tends to be small in size.
  • Has few legal formalities.
  • Easy to form as they require little start up capital.
  • Controlled and […]
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