February 2025
An aneroid barometer. Image Deliberate Changes to weather: Cloud seeding, Dam construction, Greenhouses
Greenhouses are used to grow crops like tomatoes in areas that suffer from frost or during winter. Image via Sustainablenantucket. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: People and Weather: Deliberate Changes
Greenhouses
- These are used […]
Landforms resulting from faulting
The Great African Rift Valley. Image by Mamonthsafaris. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landfroms resulting from faulting.
Major landforms that result from faulting include:
- Block Mountains
- Rift valleys
- Tilted blocks.
1. Block Mountains 
Dwala/Ruware/Whaleback
Dwala/Ruware. Image credit WordPress.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landforms resulting from weathering: Dwala
- Known as ruware in Shona, dwala in Ndebele (Nguni languages) and whaleback in English.
- An example is Domboshava where several such landforms can be found.
- It is a hill or rock which is dome shaped and rises several metres […]
Mesa and Butte
Messa (left) and Butte (right). Image credit channingchurch.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Mesa and Butte
- Mesas and buttes are flat topped uplands with steep sides and often capped by hard resistant rocks.
- Mesas and buttes are desert features created primarily by river erosion […]
Braiding and Alluvial fans
Braided River. Image credit patternsofthefuture.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Braiding and Alluvial Fans
Braiding
- Braiding occurs typically during the dry season when a river’s discharge is greatly reduced.
- The river may be split into several channels which rejoin and split again.
- These are known as braided river channels.
- Rivers […]
Transport Human beings/Porters
A women carrying a sack on her head. Image credit zimnewsblog.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Human Beings/Porters
- Using human beings or porters for transport has the following advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages
- It is cheap especially where small quantities of goods […]
Quality of life in rural areas in Zimbabwe
A typical rural compound. Image credit techzim.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements:Quality of life in rural areas in Zimbabwe
- More recently in Chiadzwa families had to be resettled as their houses were on diamond fields.
- Several families had to be resettled and compensated when […]
Population distribution
World population distribution. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Population distribution
- Population distribution is the spread of people over an area, country or region
- In the past population distribution was mainly influenced by natural factors such as soil fertility and the environment
- Whilst natural factors […]
The effects of migration
Migration leads to pressure on resources in receiving areas. Image credit MediaWiki
ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: The effects of migration
- The movement of people from one area to another has both positive and negative effects in both the area of origin and receiving areas.
- These effects can be social, economic […]