O Level Geography Archives - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Temperature

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:58+02:00January 24th, 2023|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

Six's thermometer Six’s thermometer ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Temperature

The daily maximum and minimum temperatures are measured using Six’s thermometer (pictured above).
It was invented by James Six a British scientist hence the name Six’s thermometer.
It is also known as the Maximum and Minimum thermometer.
It is housed in a Stevenson’s screen.
Diurnal […]

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The rain-shadow effect

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:46+02:00January 24th, 2023|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

Sem-arid conditions in Save Valley are due to the Rain-shadow effect. Image by Youth Delegates ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Rain Shadow Effect

We have already looked at the formation of relief rainfall elsewhere. The […]

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Conservative zones/Transform faults

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:33+02:00January 24th, 2023|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A conservative margin. Image by Expediatearcade. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Plate Tectonics: Transform Zones

At constructive zones plates slide sideways past each other.
In opposite directions in a tear or shear fashion.
At these margins lithosphere (land/oceanic crust) is neither created nor destroyed
That is neither plate is […]

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Physical weathering

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:22+02:00January 24th, 2023|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Exfoliation weathering. Image credit asergeev.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Physical Weathering

Physical weathering is the disintegration of a rock into smaller particles by mechanical processes and without any changes in the chemical composition of the rock.
It is more likely to occur in arid climates such […]

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Water Action in Deserts

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:13+02:00January 24th, 2023|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Rain falling in a desert. Image credit Snipview.

In most deserts rain does not fall for several years.
When it does it comes in the form of unexpected and infrequent downpours.
Therefore despite the low rainfall totals (about 250mm per annum), water is […]

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Pot Holes

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:44:02+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Potholes. Image credit thunderbolts.info Potholes. Image credit coolgeography.co.uk ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landforms resulting form Potholes

These are circular holes bored into the solid bedrock of a river by pebbles and stones carried by the river.
The rough river bed, mostly common in the upper course section or rivers, encourages turbulent […]

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Streambank cultivation,gold panning and other human activities

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:43:13+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Bananas growing near a stream. Image credit MediaWiki. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Processes: Stream bank cultivation

Stream bank cultivation refers to the practice of growing or cultivation of crops near a wetland, stream or river.
Sub-Saharan Africa has faced political, socio-economic problems […]

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Classification of settlements

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:41:05+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A typical Zimbabwean rural homestead. Image credit lawhub.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements: Classification of settlements

Settlements are generally classified as either rural or urban.
Rural settlements are those settlements where mostly primary activities occur.
The majority of settlers in rural areas carry out […]

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Advantages and Disadvantages of a Population Census

By garikaib|2022-09-15T12:40:45+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A census in progress. Image credit timeslive.co.za ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Advantages and Disadvantages of a Population Census

Like most things a population census has both its merits and demirits

Advantages

It is the most accurate count of a country’s population on which official planning […]

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Migration: Introduction

By Rachel Majaya|2022-09-15T12:37:03+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Forced Migration. Image credit UNHCR

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Introduction

Migration is the permanent or semi-permanent movement of people from one area to another, one country to another or one continent to another.
This involves the change of residence
There are several ways to classify migrations and these are:
1. In terms […]

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January 2023