o level geography notes Archives - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Stevenson’s screen

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:07:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

An open Stevenson screen showing the instruments it houses. Image by Hubhomedesign. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Stevenson Screen

A Stevenson screen is a prominent feature on most weather stations.

It is used to house weather instruments, for example the […]

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The theory of continental drift

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:12:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Evedence for the continental drift. Image by Wiki Commons. Evidence for the continental drift. Image by Wiki Commons. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: The theory of continental drift

The theory of or idea that present day continents were once one single continent.
Continental drifts refers to the movement of continents.
The theory says that […]

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Kopje, Tor and Balancing rocks

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:21:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Kopje. Image credit MediaWiki. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Landforms resulting from Weathering: Kopjes

Tors/Kopjes/Castle kopjes

Tors/kopjes/castle kopjes are inselbergs.
Tors the same as kopjes even though some books make an attempt to distinguish between the two.
Different names are applied in different localities to what are essentially […]

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Methods of preventing desertification

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:13:03+02:00February 12th, 2025|Hot Deserts, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Badia Dam in the midst of a desert. Image credit Broadleap.org. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Methods of preventing desertification.

The following methods can be used to prevent and slow down the rate of desertification:

Afforestation that is planting trees where […]

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Modern Developments in Transport: Sea transport

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:31:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A container ship. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport:Modern Developments in Transport: Sea transport

Sea transport development has involved the modernization of old ports through deepening of harbours, building wharfs and quays and installing new port handling facilities to increase capacity and efficiency.
For example in Mozambique, the […]

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Humidity

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:08:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

Wet and dry bulb thermometer. Image by TradeIndia ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Humidity

-a quantity representing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere.

It is measured using a hydrometer.
The wet and dry bulb thermometer is also known as a psychrometer.
Weather satellites can […]

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Plate tectonics

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:14:08+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Major Plates of the world. Image by Learner.org ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Plate Tectonics

The lithosphere (that is the earth’s crust and the rigid part of the mantle) is divided into seven large and several smaller plates.
A plate is a rock that is found […]

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Limestone pavements

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:24:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Clints and grikes. Image credit nen.gov.uk. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Limestone pavements

Limestone pavements are flat areas of exposed limestone rocks.
They are part of the dissolved bedding plate which may have been exposed because the surface soil may have been removed by glacial activity […]

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River processes: Basic Concepts

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:13:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

A turbulent river. Image credit jokeroo.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River processes:Basic Concepts.

Rivers are perhaps the most important denudation agent.
They carve channels, form valleys,transport and deposit regolith over great distances and other material to form other types of landforms.

Terms used in describing a […]

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Pressure

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:09:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

An aneroid barometer. Image imgkid. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Pressure.

-is the pressure exerted by the weight of air in the atmosphere of Earth. It is measured in millibars. It is measured using an instrument known as a barometer. There are two different types of […]

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February 2025