February 2025

Natural Resources: Water quality

By |2025-02-12T09:25:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Water Quality is important. Image credit goinggreenrecyclingnigeria.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water: Water quality

The quality of water can be improved by:

  • Improving water treatment techniques.
  • Improving sanitation at household level.
  • Treating sewage before discharging it in streams and rivers.
  • Recycling industrial waste.
  • Use of bio-degradable chemicals in the […]
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Problems faced by the ocean and sea fishing industry

By |2025-02-12T09:12:49+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing using mosquito nets along the coast of Tanzania. Image credit nytimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Problems faced by sea fishing industry

  • The sea fishing industry in Southern Africa faces a number of problems which include the following.

Over-exploitation of marine resources particularly fish.

  • Fishing has increasingly become […]
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Nuclear power: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:36:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Koeberg Nuclear Power Station South Africa. Image credit melkbos.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Nuclear power

  • Nuclear power production is similar to thermal power production in a number of ways.
  • Both require a fuel to heat water and convert it to steam.
  • However, in the case of nuclear power, […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of wood as a source of energy

By |2025-02-12T09:01:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Burning wood. Image credit villagenews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Advantages and Disadvantages of wood/crop residue/cow dung  as a source of energy

Advantages

  • Renewable energy sources.
  • Cheap or free in rural areas.
  • Easily accessible where forests or woodlands/crops/animals exist.
  • Tsotso stoves conserve live trees.
  • Technology very cheap and readily […]
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Conservation of mineral resources

By |2025-02-12T09:01:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A pile of metal awaiting recycling. Image credit earth911.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:Conservation of mineral resources

  • Conservation of resources is the ethical use and protection of valuable resources, such as trees, minerals, wildlife, water and others.
  • It focuses on maintaining the natural world in order to protect the […]
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Deforestation in tropical rainforests

By |2025-02-12T09:41:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Deforestation in a Tropical Rainforest. Image credit .worldwildlife.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Natural Resources:Tropical deforestation

  • Deforestation in tropical rain forests is mainly a result of the need to meet local and external needs.
  • Local needs are generally basic and include the following:
  • Agriculture- population pressures and rural poverty forces people to […]
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Natural Resouces: Fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:31:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing in a river. Image credit africanfishermanonline.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Introduction

Introduction

  • The Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) countries are found between the Atlantic Ocean on the west and Indian Ocean on the east.
  • The region is endowed with large fresh water bodies.
  • These are in the […]
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Sea fishing methods

By |2025-02-12T09:19:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hauling in fish during commercial sea fishing. Image credit pinterest.comg

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Sea fishing methods

  • The types of fishing methods employed in sea fishing are determined by the type of fish being exploited.
  • There are two main types of fish found in the oceans of Southern […]
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Nuclear power: Factors affecting location

By |2025-02-12T09:36:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Pelindaba Nuclear station South Africa. Image credit thinkgeoenergy.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Nuclear power: Location factors

  • The pollution caused by nuclear power plants and the ever present danger of a melt down and nuclear fall-out have made such plants very sensitive in terms of location relative to […]
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Longtitude and time calculations

By |2025-02-12T09:03:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Different Time Zones

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport and Trade : How to calculate time for different countries

  • A time zone is a region of the globe that observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes.
  • Time zones tend to follow the boundaries of countries and their subdivisions because […]
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