February 2025

Functional organisation structure

By |2025-02-12T09:45:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Functional organisational structure Functional organisational structure

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Functional organisation structure

  • This is the traditional form of organisational structure
  • The organisation’s tasks and operations are divided into groups/departments based on organisational functions/function areas
  • Examples of such functions include marketing, finance, human resources, production/operations and IT (Information Technology)
  • […]

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The Grape Vine: Informal vs Formal Communication

By |2025-02-12T09:27:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The grape vine gives it’s name to the informal communication process. Image credit cliparts.co

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes:The Grape Vine: Informal vs Formal Communication

  • Communication can also be classified as either informal or formal
  • Formal communication is official, arranged and approved of by the relevant authorities in the organisation
  • […]

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The development and effects of trade

By |2025-02-12T09:01:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Early Societies (Late Stone Age – Early Iron Age): The development and effects of trade

  • The use of iron tools meant high degree and skill in the Early Iron Age and Late Iron Age
  • This led to the development of trade both internally with locals and […]
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Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:15:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Zulu regiment in a film. Image credit pininterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction

  • The group of Bantu speaking people who lived in the Southern-Eastern region of Southern Africa were called the Nguni
  • Nguniland was divided into three groups namely, the Zulu or Northern Kingdom, Xhosa and the […]
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Population and health

By |2025-02-12T09:28:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Unsafe water is a health hazard. Image credit reuters.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Population and resources:Population and health

  • Important sources of a country’s health and quality of life are water supply and sanitation.
  • 97% of the world’s water resources is salty water mainly in the seas and oceans.
  • Of the remaining 3%, […]
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The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

By |2025-02-12T09:42:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Ndebele fled from Tshaka. Image credit pinterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

  • In 1822 Mzilikazi was sent by Shaka to go on a raiding expedition
  • Mzilikazi became greedy and decided not to bring back the booty to Shaka and keep it for himself
  • […]

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Human Farm Inputs: Farm machinery

By |2025-02-12T09:00:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Farm Tractors are widely used equipment.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Human Farm Inputs: Farm machinery

Farm machinery

  • This is a very crucial human input in that it determines the productive capacity of a farming system.
  • The machinery used depends on the technological advancements of that community.
  • Machinery helps in making work light in […]
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Farming as a system

By |2025-02-12T09:22:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A farm/family plot can be viewed as a system. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming as a system

  • A farm is a tract of land on which crops and often livestock are raised for livelihood
  • A farm can be viewed as a system
  • A system is a set of interacting […]
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