February 2025

Bantu Migrations

By |2025-02-12T08:59:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A mud hut reminiscent of the Early Iron Age. Image credit Pininterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Early Societies (Late Stone Age – Early Iron Age): Bantu Migrations

  • Bantu migrations are believed to have been caused by the use of iron
  • The Bantu are a group of about 300-400 enthinic groups from […]
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Sobhuza versus Zwide

By |2025-02-12T09:17:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Nguni apparel. Image credit BBC

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Sobhuza versus Zwide

  • Zwide Kalanga (1758-1825) was the king of the Ndwandwe/Nxumalo nation circa 1805 to circa 1820
  • Around the time Zwide was king the Ndwandwe were a growing military power
  • Zidwe was an ambitious leader keen on expanding […]
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The Economic Organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:43:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cattle were important in the Ndebele State’s economy. Image credit heifer.org

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Economic Organization of the Ndebele State

  • The main economic activity of the Ndebele state was raiding
  • Raiding was done by the army and they raided for cattle, grain and women
  • The raids were […]
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Political and Social factors that led to the scramble for Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:33:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Colonial Africa

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Scramble and Partition of Africa:Political and Social factors that led to the scramble for Africa

  • Nationalism or patriotism was an important political factor that led to the colonization of Africa.
  • Nationalism can simply be defined as the placing of one’s country above others
  • France had […]
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The First Chimurenga: The Ndebele Uprising

By |2025-02-12T09:15:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Drawing of Ndebele army dancing. Image credit plus.google.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The First Chimurenga: The Ndebele Uprisings

    • The battle began in March 1896 when the British initiated the Jameson raid.
    • The Ndebele killed many British soldiers by end of March
    • The Ndebele also killed farm and mine Shona workers who […]
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The Land Tenure Act (1969)

By |2025-02-12T09:33:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sir Goddfrey Huggins/Lord Marlven.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: The Land Tenure Act (1969)

  • This was a more rigid and segregationalist law
  • It replaced the Land Tenure Act of 1931
  • The aim of the law was to create different areas for each race
  • It increased the division between […]
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Economic Development in South Africa 1867-1910: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:19:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Johannesburg in 1888

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: South Africa 1867 – 1910: Economic Development in South Africa 1867-1910

  • This topic will look at the:
  • social,
  • political and economic effects of the discovery of diamonds and gold in South Africa
  • The location of gold and diamond mines in South Africa
  • African […]
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Road to the Federation

By |2025-02-12T09:04:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sir Goddfrey Huggins/Lord Marlven.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: Road to the Federation

  • From mid 1940s upwards, settlers began to like the idea of a union due to the economic and political reasons mentioned in the previous topics
  • Also Afrikaners (Boers) had started protesting so there […]
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Early Peasant Struggles through Associations, Unions and Societies (1900-49)

By |2025-02-12T09:43:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Rhodesian Infantry in the 1900

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980:  Early Peasant Struggles through Associations, Unions and Societies (1900-49)

Petitions

  • After the defeat and silencing of national movements in the late 1890s,
  • some leaders continued to gain their land back
  • Nyamanda, the oldest […]
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Second Chimurenga: Nyadzonya raid

By |2025-02-12T09:21:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A black member of the Rhodesian Selous Scouts wearing his uniform

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Nyadzonya raid

  • The Rhodesian Security Forces with the help of part-time soldiers organized a major counter-offensive attack on 2 May 1976
  • Rhodesian Selous Scouts on 9 August […]
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