February 2025

Population Change

By |2025-02-12T09:06:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Health care improvements affect population change. Image credit ibtimes.co.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population: Population Change

  • The difference between the size of the population to the end and the beginning of a period.
  • This change is developmental, that is, it has stages through which a population passes
  • This theory can be […]
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Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

By |2025-02-12T09:30:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bilharzia is a waterborne disease. Image credit lshtm.ac.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

  • Is also known as schistosomiasis.
  • It is another serious infection and wide spread in Africa and other tropical and sub-tropical regions.
  • The disease is caused by a flat worm that lives in various […]
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Population structure

By |2025-02-12T09:07:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population: Population structure

  • The population structure of a country describes the population’s age, sex and the period males and females are expected to live
  • Population structure is the composition of a given population, which is broken down into categories such as age and gender.
  • This information can be shown on a population […]
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Common Killer Diseases in the Tropics: Malaria

By |2025-02-12T09:30:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Anopheles Mosquito. Image credit voanews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Common Killer Diseases in the Tropics: Malaria

  • Malaria is one of the most widespread diseases in Tropical Africa.
  • It is caused by a parasite called plasmodium,
  • which is transmitted by the female anopheles mosquito.
  • When a female anopheles mosquito bites a patient, it […]
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Introduction to population growth, change and structure

By |2025-02-12T09:09:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Introduction to population growth, change and structure

  • There is a strong inter-relationship between birth rate, death rate, population growth, change and structure.
  • Birth rate is the number of live births per 1 000 of the population in one year.
  • \text{Crude Birth Rate}=\dfrac{Number\quad of \quad Live \quad Births \quad in \quad Year}{Total\quad Population \quad in […]
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Migration: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:19:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Forced Migration. Image credit UNHCR

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Introduction

  • Migration is the permanent or semi-permanent movement of people from one area to another, one country to another or one continent to another.
  • This involves the change of residence
  • There are several ways to classify migrations and these are:
    1. In terms […]
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Causes of Migrations

By |2025-02-12T09:19:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Causes of Migration. Image credit rnw.nl

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Causes of Migrations

  • Generally factors that affect migration are divide into two:
  • push factors and
  • pull factors
  • Push factors are those that are responsible for driving people from an area
  • Pull factors are those that attract people to an area.

    • […]

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Internal Migrations

By |2025-02-12T09:20:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Commuters are part of internal migrations

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Internal Migrations

  • These are migrations within the same country for example from Masvingo to Harare
  • For example in Zimbabwe people move from one area to another for varying durations of time
  • The table below shows some common push and pull […]
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International Migrations

By |2025-02-12T09:21:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Zimbabweans caught attempting to cross into South Africa. Image credit photoshelter.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: International Migrations

  • This is where people leave their home countries or continents and migrate to other countries.
  • Examples are whereby people migrate from Mozambique into Zimbabwe and from Zimbabwe to Botswana and South Africa.
  • People […]
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The effects of migration

By |2025-02-12T09:22:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Migration leads to pressure on resources in receiving areas. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: The effects of migration

  • The movement of people from one area to another has both positive and negative effects in both the area of origin and receiving areas.
  • These effects can be social, economic […]
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