February 2025

European Powers that scrambled for Africa

By |2025-02-12T08:59:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A map showing the results of the Scramble for Africa. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Scramble and Partition of Southern Africa: European Powers that scrambled for Africa

  • These are the countries which participated in the scramble and colonization of Africa:
  • Portugal
  • Britain
  • Italy
  • Germany

    • […]

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The causes of the Anglo-Ndebele War/ First Matebele/War of Dispossession

By |2025-02-12T09:42:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Lobengula Khumalo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:The causes of the Anglo-Ndebele War/ First Matebele/War of Dispossession

Causes

  • The need to control the Shona people led to the Anglo-Ndebele war as the settlers needed them as labourers in their mines and industries whilst the Ndebele considered Mashonaland as a raiding ground
  • Raiding […]
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Land Apportionment Act (1931)

By |2025-02-12T09:33:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

White family planting tobacco in Rhodesia 1958 at their family farm.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Land Apportionment Act (1931)

  • After deliberation of the Morris Carter Commission in 1925, it was agreed that land in Zimbabwe be divided into three areas
  • Whites got prime land which was 51% of the […]
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Health in Rhodesia

By |2025-02-12T09:18:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bulawayo City Hospital. Image credit Tony Ward.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969:Health in Rhodesia

  • Health standards for the workers were very poor
  • Workers in mines could easily be injured or get killed in accidents
  • Mine workers were not given adequate protective clothing resulting in many work-related injuries
  • Africans also […]
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Political Reasons for the Formation of the Federation

By |2025-02-12T09:38:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mutare during the Rhodesian era.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Feration of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: Reasons for the Formation of the Federation

  • The settlers wanted the amalgamation of Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland at first
  • The idea was then accepted by many settlers in 1945
  • It was however rejected by:
      […]
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African Grievances against Colonial Rule:Social Grievances

By |2025-02-12T09:24:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Goromonzi High School. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe: Social Grievances

  • It was the second major grievance that the Africans held towards settlers
  • Education was compulsory for whites but this was not extended to blacks
  • African education was left in the hands […]
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Assassination of Hebert Chitepo 18 March 1975

By |2025-02-12T09:21:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hebert Chitepo Right

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Assassination of Hebert Chitepo 18 March 1975

  • The assassination of Chitepo saw crisis rocking ZANU as there were leadership struggles
  • Chitepo was a lawyer by profession and very intelligent and was a dedicated nationalist who […]
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Constitution of Zimbabwe: Rights

By |2025-02-12T09:14:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Every human has rights

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Rights

The Protection of the Right to Life

  • No one shall be intentionally and unlawfully killed
  • It is only lawful to kill a person in certain circumstances which include when carrying out a death sentence, when defending others […]
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Constitution of Zimbabwe: Freedoms

By |2025-02-12T09:28:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

People demonstrating in Harare

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Freedoms

Freedom from torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

  • No person may be subjected to physical or psychological torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Freedom from slavery or servitude

  • No person may be […]
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Weimer Republic: Economic Problems

By |2025-02-12T09:02:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Germany coins 1931

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Germany: Economic Problems

  • The war had left Germany bankrupt
  • Germany was forced to pay war reparations amounting to 6 600 million pounds
  • This amount was very detrimental to Germany economy but was reduced later
  • The living standards of […]
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