February 2025

Raw Materials and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:05:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location: Raw Materials and Location of industries 

  • From this calculation, a number of situations may arise:
  • \text{Raw Materials Index (RMI)} =\dfrac{\text{weight of raw materials}}{\text{weight of finished product}}
  • The formula used is
  • Industrialists calculate what is called the raw material index (RM index) to determine how raw materials will affect the location […]
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Topological maps

By |2025-02-12T09:17:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

An example of a topological map of Uganda. Image credit babakfakhamzadeh.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Topological Maps

  • A topological map is one where straight lines are drawn to replace winding routes of transport networks.
  • These straight lines may replace roads, rails or waterways but they are always drawn to link […]
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Importance of Mining to the economy of Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:37:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Gold. Image credit indianewsonweb.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:Resource Exploitation, Importance of mining

Growth of industries

  • Mining helps industries to grow by providing raw materials to industries
  • Many industries obtain their raw materials from the mining sector.
  • For example, building and construction industries get some of their raw materials from […]
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Zimbabwe’s Forest and Effects of population growth

By |2025-02-12T09:23:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Firewood as a fuel

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Forestry: Effects of population growth

  • 95% of people living in the rural area depend on wood as their source of fuel.
  • The urban population has access to electricity but due to the power shortages issues and load shedding wood fuel is still […]
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Natural Resources: Sustainable water consumption

By |2025-02-12T09:13:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Water should be used in a sustainable manner.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water: Sustainable water consumption

  • Sustainable water use means that water must be consumed at the same rate or slower than it is being replenished by the hydrological cycle.
  • To ensure equal access to water, increase protection […]
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Ocean and Sea fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:11:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

 

Horse Mackerel. Image credit sites.google.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Fishing:Sea fishing

  • The coastal areas of southern-central Africa stretching from Tanzania, through Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia, Angola and DRC is home to several marine species including fish.
  • Fish resources are concentrated within the narrow continental shelf, a few kilometres […]
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Energy:Thermal power

By |2025-02-12T09:28:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hwange Thermal Power Station. Image credit businessdaily.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Thermal power

  • In thermal power production, fuel is used to heat water in huge boilers, converting this water into steam.
  • The steam at high pressure and through pipes, is directed to turbines.
  • The pressure turns the turbines […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear power as a source of energy

By |2025-02-12T09:00:19+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Nuclear Power Plant. Image credit drug-alcoholtesting.co.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear power as a source of energy

Advantages

  • Very long lifespan as half-life of most radioactive substances is about 4 000 years.
  • Has very high energy output.
  • Very efficient energy source.
  • Relatively clean if […]
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Classification of settlements

By |2025-02-12T09:40:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A typical Zimbabwean rural homestead. Image credit lawhub.co.zw A typical Zimbabwean rural homestead. Image credit lawhub.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements: Classification of settlements

  • Settlements are generally classified as either rural or urban.
  • Rural settlements are those settlements where mostly primary activities occur.
  • The majority of settlers in rural areas carry out […]
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Registration as a source of population information

By |2025-02-12T09:00:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Zimbabwean ID document. Image credit newzimbabwe.com A Zimbabwean ID document. Image credit newzimbabwe.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Registration as a source of population information

  • Most governments, and the Zimbabwean government is no exception, require that its citizens register themselves with various government departments.
  • Primarily these registrations are with the office of […]
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