February 2025

Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:40:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sugarcane in the Lowveld. Image credit voanews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

  • Despite the advantages of estate farming estate farming has its problems.
  • They exhaust soils of the same nutrients since one crop may be grown for up to 30 […]
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Uses of coniferous forests

By |2025-02-12T08:59:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Timber from coniferous trees. Image credit thecanadianencyclopedia.ca

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Uses of coniferous forests

  • Coniferous forests have also suffered more or less the same fate as the rainforests.
  • The loss to deforestation has however, been limited by better management styles and their quick maturing characteristic.
  • Coniferous softwoods […]
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Farming types in Africa: Shifting Cultivation

By |2025-02-12T09:45:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Shifting Cultivation Land. Image credit geography.name

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming:Shifting Cultivation

Areas where practised in Africa

  • Central DRC,
  • Miombo Woodlands of Tanzania,
  • The Chitemene system by the Bemba and the Ushi in north-east Zambia,
  • The Chiinge system in the Chipinge area of Zimbabwe and
  • Central Guinea.

Characteristics

  • Shifting […]
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Zimbabwe’s main water sources

By |2025-02-12T09:13:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Zambezi river. Image credit worldbank.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water: Zimbabwe’s main water sources

  • Zimbabwe’s main water sources indicate that most of the country’s major dams are either in the Lowveld or Highveld where suitable dam sites are found.
  • Lake Mutirikwi is one of the largest inland […]
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Types of industry: Primary Industry

By |2025-02-12T09:04:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Farming is a primary Industry.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of industry: Primary Industry

  • These produce or extract raw materials from nature to be used by other economic sectors.
  • Examples include fishing, farming, forestry and mining.
  • Developing countries have traditionally been suppliers of raw materials to advanced countries.
  • This is one […]
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Natural Resources: Water shortages

By |2025-02-12T09:24:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A boy carrying water during 2016 water shortage in Zimbabwe. Image credit ibtimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water:Water shortages

Water supply shortages both at household and national level could be reduced by:

  • Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient, available water resources to meet water needs within a region.

    • […]

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Transport and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:06:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Raw Materials and Finished Goods both incur transport costs

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Transport and Location of industries

  • Industries locate where there are efficient, appropriate and cheap modes of transport to move their raw materials goods to markets and the labour force.
  • Generally there are two types of […]
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Possible measures to solve the energy crisis in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T08:58:00+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cahora Bassa Dama Mozambique.Image credit zambezitraveller.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:The energy crisis in Zimbabwe:Measures

Measures have been put in place to try to resolve the energy crisis in Zimbabwe. These include:

  • Imports of electricity from countries overproducing it for example from South Africa through the Insukamini interconnector near […]
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Government Policy and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:07:19+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hon. Patrick Chinamasa presenting the budget.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Government Policy and Location of industries

  • This factor affects both industrial growth and location in a national economy in a number of ways.
  • In terms of industrial growth, government can affect this through:
  • Fiscal policy – Fiscal policy […]
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Willowvale Mazda Industry

By |2025-02-12T09:30:11+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Willowvale Mazda Industry complex

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Industrial studies:Willowvale Mazda Industry

  • Willowvale Mazda Industry is part of the assembly industries

Assembly Industries

  • These are industries which bring together parts from different other industries to make a new product.
  • Examples include car assembly, bicycle manufacture, radio and TV making and the production […]
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