February 2025

Business Studies: Gearing ratios

By |2025-02-12T09:12:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Gearing ratios

  • Gearing refers to the extent to which a business’s assets are financed using debt capital versus equity capital
  • Remember the balance sheet equation:
  • Assets = Capital (Equity) + Liabilities (Debt)
  • What this means is that all assets are purchased using either equity or debt finance
  • Equity […]
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AS A Level Business: Introduction To Shares

By |2025-02-12T09:38:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Cambridge AS A Level Business Studies, Notes, ZIMSEC A Level Business Studies, ZIMSEC Business Enterprise Skills|

Cambridge AS A Level Business Studies/ ZIMSEC Advanced Level Business Studies/ Business Enterprise Skills Notes: Types of businesses: Introduction To Shares

  • It has already been said that the capital of limited liability companies is divided into units
  • These units are known as shares
  • Investors in these companies are known as shareholders i.e. they own/hold shares […]
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Delegation

By |2025-02-12T09:40:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Delegation. Image credit blackenterprise.com Delegation. Image credit blackenterprise.com

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Delegation

  • Delegation-is the transfer of authority and responsibility by a superior/manager to a subordinate
  • to carry out specific function,duties and tasks
  • The delegator remains accountable for the outcome of the delegated work
  • Delegation results in decentralisation

[…]

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Types of Industrial Action

By |2025-02-12T09:14:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions: Types of Industrial Action

  • If and when there is a failure in negotiations and conflict resolution employees may resort to industrial action
  • Industrial action refers to steps that employees can take to force management to accept their demands
  • There are various types of industrial action:
  • Withdrawal of cooperation

    • […]

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Marketing:Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:34:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Biology Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing:Introduction

  • Is the business/organisational function concerned with identifying, anticipating and satisfying consumer needs and wants at a profit
  • The marketing process involves market research to identify consumer needs and wants
  • Once these needs are identified the organisation then satisfied by creating/providing products at the best possible price thus attaining a profit
  • Marketing also […]
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Promotional Publicity

By |2025-02-12T09:10:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Promotional Publicity

  • Is a type of promotion that relies mainly on press releases to the media
  • Although this often involves mass communication promotional publicity distinguishes itself from advertising in that the information is published for free
  • Thus this type of promotion that relies on public relations effect of a news story which […]
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Batch Production

By |2025-02-12T09:28:00+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: Batch Production

  • Is a method of production where products are made in batches
  • The products are made in groups rather than individually as in job production or in a continuous stream as in flow production
  • Each batch is completed before starting the next group of products
  • For example a shoe maker can […]
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Business Studies: Budgets an introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:13:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Budgets an introduction

  • As pointed out in another topic one of the principal functions of management is planning
  • It involves creating predetermined courses of action (i.e. plans)
  • A budget is a plan of action for achieving quantified objectives
  • Budgets are plans of action expressed in quantitative(measurable) terms

    • […]

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