January 2023

Advantages and Disadvantages of Secondary Research

By |2022-09-15T12:33:59+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Advantages and Disadvantages of Secondary Research

  • There are several disadvantages to secondary research otherwise known as desk research

Advantages of secondary market research

  • It is inexpensive/cheap when compared with primary market research
  • It avoids duplication of effort
  • Information and data is readily available
  • Allows the business to quickly and cheaply analyse and compare […]
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Cost Based Pricing

By |2022-09-15T12:33:53+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Cost Based Pricing

  • Refers to a variety of pricing strategies which involve the addition of a profit element on top of the costs of production
  • The aim is to make sure that costs incurred in production of each unit are covered by the selling price of that unit
  • Popular cost based pricing […]
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Research and Development

By |2022-09-15T12:33:47+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: Quality and its importance

  • Also known as R & D
  • It refers to work directed towards the innovation, introduction, and improvement of products and processes
  • It involves:
    1. Developing completely new products
    2. Creating imitation products that can compete with a rival’s products
    3. Creating prototypes and models based on marketing research data
    4. Improving existing […]
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Business Studies: Break even analysis using calculations example

By |2022-09-15T12:33:41+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Break even analysis using calculations example

  • In this topic we will make Break Even related calculations using formula
  • This approach can be used in conjunction or instead of the graphical method
  • To aid the discussion we will use the example below from a past examination paper:

Shona runs a […]

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Geographical organisation structure

By |2022-09-15T12:37:28+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Geographical based organisational structure

  • This is when an organisations divisions, operations, duties and positions are based geographical area, country, regions, provinces, towns or districts
  • Usually there is a Head Quarters to which all the subdivisions and their related personnel report to
  • The head quarters administers […]
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Employment contract

By |2022-09-15T12:34:06+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: Employment contract

  • A contract is a voluntary, deliberate, and legally binding agreement between two or more competent parties
  • An employment contract is such a contract between an employer and employee
  • When there is a successful candidate is selected he or she is offered a contract of employment

    • […]

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Market segmentation

By |2022-09-15T12:33:58+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Market segmentation

  • this is the process of dividing/dis-aggregating the market into discrete/distinct groups(segments) of customers based on a variety of criteria
  • Here the word market refers to the total sum of all of a firm’s customers/consumers
  • The words customer and consumer after often used interchangeably in business
  • Consumer- is the end user […]
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Advantages and disadvantages of cost based pricing methods

By |2022-09-15T12:33:53+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Advantages and disadvantages of cost based pricing methods

  • Cost based pricing models have some benefits and drawbacks

Advantages

  • It is easy to understand and calculate the price
  • These pricing models make sure that incurred costs are covered
  • They can be helpful and do simplify investment appraisal decisions for example using required rate of […]
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