February 2025

The Product Life Cycle

By |2025-02-12T09:03:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: The Product Life Cycle

  • The term product life cycle is used to describe the phases through which a product passes from its introduction to decline
  • It is a basic fact in business that all products introduced go through a number of phases from their introduction to their eventual elimination
  • Generally a product […]
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Price Variations

By |2025-02-12T09:20:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing:Price Variations

  • In addition to employing varies pricing strategies  firms can also make use of price variations
  • This is when prices are adjusted depending on a variety of factors
  • This is usually achieved by using discounts
  • There are therefore a number of discounts
  • Discounts for bulk purchases
  • Discounts for prompt payments
  • Purchases […]
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Business Studies:The profit and loss account

By |2025-02-12T09:41:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: The profit and loss account

  • Organisations that operate on a profit basis traditionally prepare what used to be known as a trading and profit and loss account
  • Nowadays it is more generally known as an Income Statement
  • In strict financial accounting parlance it is called a Statement of Comprehensive […]
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Business Studies: Government and location of businesses

By |2025-02-12T09:31:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Aiding and influencing the business:Government and location of businesses

  • We have already looked at factors that affect where a business chooses to locate
  • One of the principal factors to consider is the government’s policies,laws and regulations
  • The government might pass laws prohibiting certain businesses from certain areas
  • For example heavy industries cannot […]
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How managers can use Maslow’s theory of motivation

By |2025-02-12T09:17:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A shop floor worker. Image credit footprint2africa.com A shop floor worker. Image credit footprint2africa.com ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: How managers can use Maslow’s theory of motivation

  • Maslow’s motivation theory can be used to motivate workers in a number of ways
  • Managers should first identify the unfulfilled needs of […]
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Non Financial Methods of Motivation

By |2025-02-12T09:36:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Non-financial motivators. Image credit icsingenierie.com Non-financial motivators. Image credit icsingenierie.com ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Non Financial Methods of Motivation

  • These can be contrasted with financial methods of motivation
  • Non financial motivation methods are those that do not involve the flow of monetary benefits to the employee/worker
  • These include:

    • […]

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Ways to overcome barriers to the communication process

By |2025-02-12T09:07:20+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources:Ways to overcome barriers to the communication process

  • As pointed out the communication process can encounter problems that will reduce its effectiveness
  • These problems are also known as communication barriers
  • To read notes on the communication process please click here
  • These communication barriers can be overcome in various ways […]
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Dismissal, retrenchment and redundancy of employees

By |2025-02-12T09:27:49+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management:Dismissal, retrenchment and redundancy of employees

  • All employees eventually leave the employ of the organisation
  • This can be due to:
    1. Separation as a result of management action:
    2. Disciplinary action
    3. Dismissal due to dissatisfaction with performance
    4. Redundancy
  • It could also be due to other factors that are unavoidable such as:
      […]
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Marketing: Branding

By |2025-02-12T09:05:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Branding

  • A brand is a unique name, term, symbol or design which is intended to signify the goods and services of one seller or group of sellers and to differentiate them from competitors’
  • The main purpose of a brand is to give identity and differentiate products for example Colgate and Aquafresh are […]
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Place: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:21:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Place

  • When used in the context of the marketing mix place refers to how and where the product is sold to the consumer
  • During the process of determining place the business has to decide:
    1. How the product reaches the consumer i.e. the channel of distribution
    2. The actual geographical location where the product […]
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