February 2025

Marketing: Packaging

By |2025-02-12T09:06:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Packaging

  • Traditionally packaging refers to the functions/processes such as cleaning, drying, preserving  and materials employed to:
    1. contain,
    2. handle,
    3. protect,
    4. and/or transport a product
  • In modern days packaging now does more than just the utilitarian functions mention above
  • It plays such important roles as:
  • Attracting the attention of potential customers
  • Make the product […]
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Channels of Distribution

By |2025-02-12T09:21:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Channels of Distribution

  • Also known as distribution channels
  • This refers to the path through which goods and services travel from the vendor to the consumer or payments for those products travel from the consumer to the vendor
  • A distribution channel can be as short as a direct transaction from the vendor to […]
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Business Studies: Financial statements

By |2025-02-12T09:45:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes, Principles of Accounts Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Financial statements/ Final Accounts

  • The accounting function exists mainly to record, analyse and present financial information
  • Presentation of financial information involves the preparation of what are known as final accounts
  • They are called final accounts because they are the last accounts to be prepared
  • They are also made at […]
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Business Studies: Aiding and protecting the employee

By |2025-02-12T09:35:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Aiding and influencing the business:Aiding and protecting the employee

  • Employees are quite vulnerable in a number of ways
  • This is especially true during times when unemployment is high as is the case in Zimbabwe
  • High unemployment erodes the bargaining power of employees leaving them at the mercy of employers
  • There are therefore laws […]
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Organisational Charts

By |2025-02-12T09:33:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A simple organisational chart. A simple organisational chart.

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Organisational Charts

  • It is a diagram that shows the organisation structure of a given organisation
  • It is also defined as a pictorial depiction of an organisation’s structure
  • An organisation’s structure is also known as it’s internal structure

    • […]

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Trade Unions and Businesses: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:10:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions and Businesses: Introduction

  • these are organisations of employees who have come together for a common purpose
  • trade unions are formed by employees with a shared interest
  • The main function of trade unions is collective bargaining on behalf of employees
  • Collective bargaining refers to the process of negotiation between employers(management)
  • and […]
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On the job training methods

By |2025-02-12T09:29:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: On the job training methods

  • this is when instruction and training is provided during the work itself
  • There are a number of on the job training methods:
  • Demonstration-a practical exhibition and explanation of how something works or is performed
  • Coaching-involves focusing on the individual trainee’s needs, observing […]
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Promotion:Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:07:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Promotion

  • Organizations come up with promotional strategies to communicate with customers or clients
  • Promotional strategy- the choice of a target market and formulation of the most appropriate promotion mix to influence it.
  • Promotion refers to the organisational function concerned with the advancement of a product, idea, or point of view through publicity […]
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Factors to consider when choosing a distribution channel

By |2025-02-12T09:23:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Factors to consider when choosing a distribution channel

  • As pointed out elsewhere business have to choose from a number of distribution channels
  • In instance the business has to consider several factors when deciding on the most appropriate channel to use
  • These factors include:

The nature of the product

  • for example industrial products are […]
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