February 2025

Business Studies: Profitability Ratios

By |2025-02-12T09:00:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Profitability Ratios

  • These measures indicate how well a business is performing in terms of its ability to generate profit
  • The ratios relate profits to sales and assets
  • There are three commonly used ratios:
  • Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)
  • Profit Margin and
  • Profit Markup

Return on Capital Employed

  • Is normally […]
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Business Studies: Pressure groups in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:37:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Aiding and influencing the business:Pressure groups in Zimbabwe

  • These are non-profit and usually voluntary organization whose members have a common cause for which they seek to influence political or corporate decision makers to achieve a declared objective
  • Pressure groups lobby on behalf of their members to ensure that their cause is held and […]
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F W Taylor’s Theory of Scientific Management

By |2025-02-12T09:20:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A factory worker. Image credit thejournal.co.uk A factory worker. Image credit thejournal.co.uk  ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: F W Taylor’s Theory of Scientific Management

  • Taylor lived in an era when management was an ad hoc practice rather than a true and trained discipline
  • He was mainly concerned with increasing the […]
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Chain of Command,Line vs Staff Authority

By |2025-02-12T09:36:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Staff and Line Staff. Image credit usine-digitale.fr Staff and Line Staff. Image credit usine-digitale.fr

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Chain of Command,Line vs Staff Authority

  • Chain of command-refers to the hierarchy of authority by which order, directions and communications are passed down from the top to the bottom
  • It is […]
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Trade Unions in Zimbabwe and their types

By |2025-02-12T09:11:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Trade Unions in Zimbabwe and their types

There are a number of trade unions that operate in Zimbabwe. Below is a list of some of them and their categories. As clearly demonstrated a trade union can belong to more than one category.

NB Due to persistent economic crisis that have greatly […]

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The Management function

By |2025-02-12T09:32:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: Training: The Management function

  • is the planning, organizing, leading/commanding, controlling and coordinating of the organisation’s activities so as to make sure the organisation’s objectives are achieved in an efficient and effective manner
  • Management can also be defined as the art of doing work through others
  • It entails […]
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Choice of Media in Advertising

By |2025-02-12T09:09:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: Choice of Media in Advertising

  • An important factor in advertising is choosing the right media
  • Media refers to the communication channel through which data or information flows
  • Media includes every broadcasting and narrow-casting medium such as:
  • newspapers,
  • magazines,
  • TV, radio,
  • billboards,
  • direct mail,
  • telephone,
  • fax,
  • and internet.
  • Several factors have to be […]
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Production: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:25:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Production: Introduction

  • Production refers to the process and methods by which inputs i.e. raw materials or semi-finished goods are combined with other factors of production are turned into finished products or semi-finished goods products
  • During the production process the factors of production are combined to make a finished product that can […]
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Business Studies: Liquidity ratios

By |2025-02-12T09:06:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: Ratio Analysis:Liquidity ratios

  • Liquidity is a measure of how well a business can meet its short term obligations as and when they fall due
  • It is usually expressed in terms of how well the entity in question can convert its assets into cash
  • Short term obligations include amounts owed […]
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