February 2025

Modern Nationalism: Struggle for One Man One Vote (1950-65)

By |2025-02-12T09:45:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A young Joshua Nkomo (seated).

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Modern Nationalism: Struggle for One Man One Vote (1950-65)

  • The new nationalism of the 1950 challenged white dominance and advocated for equality in all spheres of lives
  • It also demanded Universal Suffrage that is […]
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Forestry: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:18:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Trees in a rainforest. Image credit wabash.edu

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Renewable resources:Forestry Introduction

  • Trees are an important natural resources in mankind’s pursuit for long lasting (sustainable) economic development and a better quality of lives.
  • Trees are a renewable resource since people can engage in reforestation and afforestation […]
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The Second Chimurenga: Escalation of the War

By |2025-02-12T09:25:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Rhodesia Army soldier standing guard while people play golf

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Escalation of War

  • The war spread throughout Rhodesia by 1977 and ZANLA forces were stationed in Mozambique and they operated in Mashonaland whilst ZIPRA were in Matebeleland and stationed in […]
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Specific Chapters of the Constitution of Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:43:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Constitutional Court.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe:Specific Chapters of the Constitution of Zimbabwe

  • The Lancaster Constitution was divided into 12 chapters but the new constitution has 18 chapters which are:
    1. Founding objectives
    2. National objectives
    3. Citizenship
    4. The Declaration of Rights
    5. The Executive (President, Vice Presidents, Ministers and Cabinet)

      6. […]

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The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Revocation of Citizenship

By |2025-02-12T09:15:08+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Citizenship is an inalienable right

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe:Revocation of Citizenship

  • Zimbabwean citizenship by birth may be revoked if the citizenship was acquired by fraud, false representation or concealment of a material fact by any person he person’s nationality or parentage becomes known, and reveals that […]
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Constitution of Zimbabwe: Freedoms

By |2025-02-12T09:28:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

People demonstrating in Harare

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Freedoms

Freedom from torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

  • No person may be subjected to physical or psychological torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment

Freedom from slavery or servitude

  • No person may be […]
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Problems with inland fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:08:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Inland fishing faces a number of problems. Image credit safari365.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Problems with inland fishing

  • The potential of the SADC region’s fisheries is far from being realized because of several problems bedeviling the fishing industry.
  • These include the following:

Sedimentation of rivers, lakes and dams.

  • Most […]
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Hydro-electric power

By |2025-02-12T09:27:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A hydro-electric power station. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Hydro-electric power

  • At a hydro-electric power plant, water leaves the lake or reservoir at high pressure (speed) and goes through pen stocks (concrete or steel pipes) to the turbines in a power house underground.
  • The force of […]
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Mussolini’s Foreign policy

By |2025-02-12T09:41:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Benito Mussolini with Adolf Hitler. Image credit Smithsonian Magazine

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Italy: Benito Mussolini: Mussolini’s Foreign policy

Foreign expansion

  • As things got difficult at home Mussolini started embarking on foreign adventures.
  • He praised glories of war and promised the recreation of the Roman Empire […]
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Germany 1919 – 1945: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:01:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Germany in 1919

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Germany: Germany 1919 – 1945

Introduction

  • This topics looks at the problems faced by Germany after World War I
  • It describes the economic and political developments of Germany
  •  and the characteristics of Nazi dictatorship
  • as well as Hitler’s […]
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