February 2025

Population and health

By |2025-02-12T09:28:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Unsafe water is a health hazard. Image credit reuters.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Population and resources:Population and health

  • Important sources of a country’s health and quality of life are water supply and sanitation.
  • 97% of the world’s water resources is salty water mainly in the seas and oceans.
  • Of the remaining 3%, […]
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The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

By |2025-02-12T09:42:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Ndebele fled from Tshaka. Image credit pinterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

  • In 1822 Mzilikazi was sent by Shaka to go on a raiding expedition
  • Mzilikazi became greedy and decided not to bring back the booty to Shaka and keep it for himself

    • […]

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Human Farm Inputs: Farm machinery

By |2025-02-12T09:00:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Farm Tractors are widely used equipment.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Human Farm Inputs: Farm machinery

Farm machinery

  • This is a very crucial human input in that it determines the productive capacity of a farming system.
  • The machinery used depends on the technological advancements of that community.
  • Machinery helps in making work light in […]
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Farming as a system

By |2025-02-12T09:22:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A farm/family plot can be viewed as a system. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming as a system

  • A farm is a tract of land on which crops and often livestock are raised for livelihood
  • A farm can be viewed as a system
  • A system is a set of interacting […]
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Irrigation Farming

By |2025-02-12T09:41:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Small scale irrigation. Image credit wfp.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Irrigation Farming

  • This is the artificial application of water on land in order to grow crops when prevailing climatic and weather conditions cannot sustain such crop growth.
  • This expensive farming system is carried out in order to:
    1. Increase […]
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Maize farming in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:33:47+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Maize farm near Harare

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Maize farming in Zimbabwe

Growing conditions and growing area

  • Staple food crop of Zimbabwe.
  • Production is 2.8 million tonnes.
  • Annually with 70% from communal farmers.
  • Main producing area-ecological region 2.
  • Rainfall-minimum 890 mm, otherwise supplement with irrigation temperature about 21° C […]
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Market and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:06:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bread is perishable and therefore it’s industries are located close to the market.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Market and Location of industries

  • Some industries are market-based not because their products are heavier than the raw materials making them, but because they are perishable.
  • Examples are opaque beer and […]
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Forts established by the Pioneer Column and their modern names

By |2025-02-12T09:20:06+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A colonial image of Fort Victoria now Masvingo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:The Colonisation of Zimbabwe:Forts established by the Pioneer Column and their modern names

  • As the Pioneer Column marched into and through Zimbabwe they established forts
  • Most of these have turned into modern centers
  • The table below shows these forts […]
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Labour Issues in Rhodesia 1894-1969

By |2025-02-12T08:55:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Black railway workers during colonial times.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Labour Issues in Rhodesia 1894-1969

  • Labour was needed to support the colonialist economic activities such as mining, farming industrialization among others
  • Settlers wanted healthy and able-bodied labour which could be provided by Africans
  • The huge supply of readily […]
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Sea Ports in Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:16:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The port at Cape Town South Africa. Image credit businessmediamags.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport:Ports in Africa

Siting of ports in Africa

  • The siting of a port is determined by the physical environment.
  • Deep estuaries or deep offshore waters are necessary otherwise where the continental shelf is shallow, a lot of […]
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