February 2025

The development and effects of trade

By |2025-02-12T09:01:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Early Societies (Late Stone Age – Early Iron Age): The development and effects of trade

  • The use of iron tools meant high degree and skill in the Early Iron Age and Late Iron Age
  • This led to the development of trade both internally with locals and […]
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Internal Migrations

By |2025-02-12T09:20:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Commuters are part of internal migrations

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: Internal Migrations

  • These are migrations within the same country for example from Masvingo to Harare
  • For example in Zimbabwe people move from one area to another for varying durations of time
  • The table below shows some common push and pull […]
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Political organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:44:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ndebele King Lobengula.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Political organization of the Ndebele State

  • The Ndebele State was a centralized and militarized state
  • This means that all the political, military, administration, judiciary and religious were in the hands of the king
  • The king was responsible for the selection of indunas and chiefs […]
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Effects of the Berlin Conference

By |2025-02-12T09:38:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Berlin Conference 1884

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Scramble and Partition of Africa:Effects of the Berlin Conference

Negative Effects

  • It partitioned/divided Africa among European nations.
  • 90 % of African countries lost their independence to European nations. Liberia and Ethiopia remained free
  • It led to the suffering of Africans as they were abused by colonial […]
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First Chimurenga: Results of the Ndebele-Shona Uprisings

By |2025-02-12T09:16:00+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The railway line reached Salisbury(Harare)

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Colonisation of Zimbabwe: Results of the Ndebele-Shona Uprisings

  • The defeat of the Ndebele and Shona led to the total colonization of Zimbabwe and the Europeans firmly settled
  • Many Shona chiefs were killed during the first Chimurenga
  • The whites replaced these chief […]
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Methods used to Recruit Labour in Rhodesia

By |2025-02-12T08:56:08+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Slaves toiling. Image credit stockton.edu

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Methods used to Recruit Labour

  • The settlers used force to get labour at first chibharo, slave or forced labour
  • They forced local chiefs to supply able bodied men
  • Policemen would raid villages and force all able bodied men to […]
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Mining Monopoly and its Effects in South Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:19:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Workers for the De Beers company

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: South Africa 1867 – 1910: Mining Monopoly and its Effects

  • The Wernher-Beit provided the capital to purchase all necessary claims
  • Its agent locally was Cecil John Rhodes who had been attracted by the adventures of mining in Africa
  • The capital […]
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The Federal Assembly and Supreme Court

By |2025-02-12T09:05:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Supreme Court of Zimbabwe

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: The Federal Assembly and Supreme Court

  • It was the Parliament or Legislative body
  • The Parliament was to consist of 35 MPs and 26 represented whites, that is, 14 from Southern Rhodesia, 8 from Northern Rhodesia and […]
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The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Welfare Associations

By |2025-02-12T09:44:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Black workers in Gwelo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980:  Welfare Associations

  • Africans also protested through welfare associations
  • The welfare associations were set up to help those in need
  • They looked non-political on the surface but deep down they had political roots
  • An example […]
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The Kissinger Proposals

By |2025-02-12T09:25:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The American Career diplomat Henry Kissinger. Image credit Huffington Post

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: The Kissinger Proposals

  • Efforts to get a peaceful settlement were necessary after the war were now necessary after 1977
  • Nkomo and Smith had failed to reach a consensus […]
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