February 2025

South Africa 1867 – 1910: The Discovery of Gold

By |2025-02-12T09:32:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Early gold prospectors

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: South Africa 1867 – 1910: The Discovery of Gold

  • Gold was discovered in 1884 in the Witwatersrand area but was under utilized
  • It was discovered by Jan Gerrit Bantjes on a farm called Vogelstruisfontein in June 1884 and then by the Struben brothers […]
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The Federal Executive or Cabinet and Federal Civil Service

By |2025-02-12T09:05:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Parliament meeting in Zimbabwe image credit Newsday.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland:The Federal Executive or Cabinet and Federal Civil Service

  • The Federal government had a cabinet that co-ordinated and directed its movements
  • Initially there were 5 cabinet ministers which later increased to 7 by 1958
  • The […]
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Political Associations and Workers Unions

By |2025-02-12T09:44:49+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hebert Chitepo and his wife.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Political Associations and Workers Unions

  • Africans between the 1920s-1940s saw the need to move from disorderly protests in the form of religious organizations and welfare organizations and they started forming trade unions and […]
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Geneva Conference 1976 and Malta Talks 1978

By |2025-02-12T09:25:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mugabe in 1976

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Geneva Conference 1976 and Malta Talks 1978

  • In October 1976 ZANU and ZAPU united to form a Patriotic Front
  • They then went to a negotiating conference in Geneva, Switzerland as a united front and all negotiation which […]
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Chapter 1: Founding Provisions

By |2025-02-12T09:15:42+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Republic of Zimbabwe

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Chapter 1: Founding Provisions

The Republic

  • Zimbabwe is a unitary, democratic and sovereign republic.

Supremacy of Constitution

  • This Constitution is the supreme law of Zimbabwe and any law, practice, custom or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid to the extent of […]
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The rise of Mussolini and the Fascists party

By |2025-02-12T09:34:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A mugshot of young Benito Mussolini. Image credit blogspot.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Italy: Benito Mussolini: The rise of Mussolini and the Fascists party 

  • Benito Mussolini was born in 1883 at Dovia and his mother was a school teacher.
  • He was once a socialist […]
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How Hitler got the Support of the People

By |2025-02-12T09:03:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Jews being harassed by police in Hitler’s Germany 193

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Germany:How Hitler got the Support of the People

  • The Weimer Republic had been weakened by problems it was facing and Hitler’s rise was made possible
  • The death of the Stressman in 1929 […]
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President Roosevelt and the Great Depression

By |2025-02-12T08:57:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The United States of America (USA) 1920-1939: President Roosevelt and the Great Depression

  • He defeated Hoover in the 1932 presidential elections and presented a ‘New Deal’
  • The new deal had the following aims:
    1. To provide employment for the unemployed
    2. To revive the […]
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Results of World War I

By |2025-02-12T09:38:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level History Notes|

A woman working in a World War I factory: Image by The Guardian. A woman working in a World War I factory: Image by The Guardian. Results of the First World War

Results of the war.

Political effects

  • The collapse of four dynasties in Europe and their replacement by new governments. Turkey ( […]
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Portuguese attempts to colonise the Mutapa State

By |2025-02-12T09:43:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Early Portoguese Soldiers. Image credit twcenter.net Early Portuguese Soldiers. Image credit twcenter.net ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Portuguese in Zambezi Valley: Portuguese attempts to colonise the Mutapa State

  • Due to a decline in trade the Portuguese decided to send an emissary to the Mutapa State
  • He was tasked with tracing […]
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