February 2025

South Africa 1867 – 1910: Economic Effects of Mining and Minerals in South Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:33:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Early image of Johannesburg.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: South Africa 1867 – 1910: Effects of Mining

  • There was infrastructural development in South Africa, for example, railways, food industries and roads
  • Railways were built to link major towns such as Kimberly, Transvaal, Cape town, Port Elizabeth, East London, Johannesburg and Durban

    • […]

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Social Development in the Federation

By |2025-02-12T09:11:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

University of Rhodesia (now University of Zimbabwe)

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: Social Development

Education

  • The University of Rhodesia and Nyasaland was opened in Salisbury in 1957 by the federal government
  • The university was multiracial as per the requirements of the partnership
  • It was a London University […]
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National Democratic Party (NDP)

By |2025-02-12T08:59:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Nkomo (left) meets Mandela

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980:National Democratic Party (NDP)

  • When the ANC was banned Africans viewed this as imperialists did not want to end racial segregation
  • The bans were only temporal as other African nationalists educated in the diaspora rose, […]
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End of White Rule and Independence

By |2025-02-12T09:42:11+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Robert Mugabe the First Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: End of White Rule and Independence

  • Although Africans had the most causalities in the war, it is important to note that whites were also killed or injured
  • Many […]
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Limitation of rights and freedoms

By |2025-02-12T09:27:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Riot Police

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Limitation of rights and freedoms

  • The fundamental rights and freedoms set out in the Constitution must be exercised reasonably and with due regard for the rights and freedoms of other persons
  • The fundamental rights and freedoms set out in the […]
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Mussolini: Main features of Fascist Dictatorship

By |2025-02-12T09:38:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mussolini’s dictatorship was characterized by autocratic leadership

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Italy: Benito Mussolini: Main features of Fascist Dictatorship

  1. Anti-democratic tendencies.
  2. Propaganda
  3. Self sufficiency.
  4. Totalitarianism and autocratic leadership
  5. Extreme nationalism.
  6. Emphasis on the country/groups/community rather than an individual.
  7. Anti-communism.
  8. Supremacy of state.
  9. National unity.
  10. One […]
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Hitler’s Consolidation of Power

By |2025-02-12T09:04:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Reichstag after the fire

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Germany: Hitler’s Consolidation of Power

  • He was appointed Germany chancellor when he was released from prison and he began his consolidation plan
  • Hitler convinced the Germany president during that time to hold other elections
  • His main […]
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Opposition to the New Deal

By |2025-02-12T08:58:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Rail workers during the New Deal

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The United States of America (USA) 1920-1939: Opposition to the Deal

  • The Deal was criticized by some groups in the USA
  • The Republican opponents criticized it for its high cost of implementation which strained the taxpayers
  • Industrialists were opposed to […]
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Social groups and crafts practised by the people at Great Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:14:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Pottery was practised extensively at Great Zimbabwe. Image credit ghananation.com Pottery was practised extensively at Great Zimbabwe. Image credit ghananation.com ZIMSEC History O Level Notes: Great Zimbabwe: Social groups and Crafts practised at Great Zimbabwe

Social Groups found within the Great Zimbabwe State

  • fisherman
  • slaves
  • spirit mediums
  • The ruling class
  • miners
  • gatherers
  • sculptors (responsible for building the wall […]
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Benefits and damage of the Portuguese activities to the Mutapa State

By |2025-02-12T08:57:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

An early Portuguese map showing the Mutapa state An early Portuguese map showing the Mutapa state ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Portuguese in the Zambezi Valley: The benefits and damage of Portuguese activities to the Mutapa State

Benefits

  • They introduced new farming methods.
  • Introduced new crops e.g. maize and cassava.
  • Introduced new mining […]
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