February 2025

Topological maps

By |2025-02-12T09:17:55+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

An example of a topological map of Uganda. Image credit babakfakhamzadeh.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Topological Maps

  • A topological map is one where straight lines are drawn to replace winding routes of transport networks.
  • These straight lines may replace roads, rails or waterways but they are always drawn to link […]
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Exploitation of natural resources

By |2025-02-12T09:24:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Exploitation of natural resources, gold panning in Mozambique.Image credit nytimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:Resource Exploitation

  • The exploitation of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth, sometimes with a negative implication of accompanying environmental degradation.
  • It started to emerge on an industrial scale in the […]
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Forestry: Deforestation

By |2025-02-12T09:18:33+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Deforestation in the Amazon rain forest. credit blog.conservation.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:World Deforestation

  • Deforestation is the cutting down of trees without replacing them.
  • The most important role forests play in sustaining people’s lives is being threatened by the rapid disappearance of the world’s forests.
  • In 2009, most of the […]
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Types of Forests: Coniferous forests

By |2025-02-12T08:59:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Coniferous forest. Image credit chcentralmich.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Coniferous forests

  • Coniferous forests consists of evergreen trees which do not shed their leaves at any time of the year.
  • These are confined to the cool temperature, latitude in belts stretching across northern USA. Southern Canada, Scandinavia, northern Europe […]
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Fishing in Malawi

By |2025-02-12T09:34:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing in Malawi. Image credit originaltravel.co.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Fishing in Malawi

  • Malawi is one of the most important inland fish producers in the SADC region.
  • Malawi has been given the responsibility to co-ordinate inland fisheries, forestry and wildlife within the SADC region.
  • Malawi’s fisheries include […]
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Fish processing and marketing

By |2025-02-12T09:19:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Processing fish by drying them. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Fish processing and marketing

  • Most of the fish are sold fresh at the fishing ports and major urban areas in the region.
  • Use of refrigerated facilities has become increasingly important.
  • Some fresh fish are transported into […]
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Small scale energy sources and plants:Solar energy

By |2025-02-12T09:44:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Photo-voltaic power plant. Image credit oorjasolar.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Small scale energy sources and plants:Solar energy

  • Solar energy is converted into electrical energy in two ways
  • The first is through the use of solar panels
  • These are also known as photo voltaic power plants for reasons […]
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Wind direction and speed

By |2025-02-12T09:14:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|O Level Geography, Weather and Climate|

A cup anemometer and windvane. Image by Noaa.gov. A cup anemometer and windvane. Image by Noaa.gov. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Wind direction and speed.

Wind is the movement of air across the earth’s surface due to differences in pressure between two regions. Air moves from high pressure regions to low […]

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Vulcanicity

By |2025-02-12T09:37:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Violent volcanic eruption. Image by Dailymail. Violent volcanic eruption. Image via Dailymail. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Vulcanicity

  • Vulcanicity refers to all the various way by which molten rock and gasses are forced into the earths and onto its surface.
  • It includes volcanic eruptions which lead to the formation of volcanoes, lava plateaus and geysers.
  • It […]
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