About Karen Mukungurutse

She holds a Bachelor of Science Honours Degree in Social Work from Bindura University. She has a passion for helping others and has been involved in numerous academic and social projects.

February 2025

Groups fought by the Ndebele during their journey from Zululand

By |2025-02-12T09:41:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Ndebele Chief in Rhodesia(now Zimbabwe). Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State: Groups fought by the Ndebele during their journey from Zululand

  • These are the groups the Ndebele fought on their way from Zululand:
    1. Hurutshe
    2. Kora
    3. Rolong
    4. Griqua
    5. British
    6. Boers
    7. Sotho
    8. Taung

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People who occupied Western Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived

By |2025-02-12T09:41:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Shona women. Image credit emaze.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State: People who occupied Western Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived

  • These are the tribes who occupied Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived:
    1. Virwa
    2. Kalanga
    3. Nyubi
    4. Tonga
    5. Venda

To access more topics go to the History Notes page.

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The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

By |2025-02-12T09:42:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Ndebele fled from Tshaka. Image credit pinterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Khumalo/ Ndebele Migration from Zululand

  • In 1822 Mzilikazi was sent by Shaka to go on a raiding expedition
  • Mzilikazi became greedy and decided not to bring back the booty to Shaka and keep it for himself

    • […]

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Problems faced by the Ndebele during their journey from Zululand

By |2025-02-12T09:42:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ndebele village circa 1890. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:Problems faced by the Ndebele during their journey from Zululand

  • These are some of the problems faced by the Ndebele/Khumalo on their way from Zululand to Western Zimbabwe:
  • Families were separated when the Ndebele were moving to Zimbabwe

    • […]

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The Economic Organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:43:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cattle were important in the Ndebele State’s economy. Image credit heifer.org

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Economic Organization of the Ndebele State

  • The main economic activity of the Ndebele state was raiding
  • Raiding was done by the army and they raided for cattle, grain and women
  • The raids were […]
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The Social Organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:43:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ndebele Caste system

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:The Social Organization of the Ndebele State

  • The Ndebele state was organized in a caste system. A caste system is a system of class determined by birth meaning if you are born in a poor family you will also be poor
  • The […]
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Religious Organisation of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:44:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Drawing of Ndebele army dancing. Image credit plus.google.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:Religious Organisation of the Ndebele State

  • They believed in a supreme God whom they called Umnkulunkulu.
  • The Ndebele adopted the Rozvi Mwari called Mlimo in SiNdebele and Amadhloziformerly called masvikiro
  • In times of disaster they consulted the […]
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Political organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:44:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ndebele King Lobengula.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Political organization of the Ndebele State

  • The Ndebele State was a centralized and militarized state
  • This means that all the political, military, administration, judiciary and religious were in the hands of the king
  • The king was responsible for the selection of indunas and chiefs […]
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Military Organization of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:45:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mzilikazi Khumalo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Political organization of the Ndebele State

  • The Ndebele had a standing army
  • The Ndebele also practiced the age regimental system
  • Membership in the regimental system was hereditary
  • The men could marry after they had been granted permission by the king
  • The Ndebele army was not […]
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The Role Played by Missionaries in Colonization of Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:45:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Chishawasha Mission circa 1891

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Missionaries in Zimbabwe:The Role Played by Missionaries in Colonization of Zimbabwe

  • They actively supported European political control
  • They played a big role in convincing local chief to sign treaties
  • In treaty negotiations, missionaries cheated African chiefs
  • They provided Africans with a false sense […]
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