February 2025

Introduction to diseases

By |2025-02-12T09:25:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Parirenyatwa entrance. Image credit financialgazette.co.zw Parirenyatwa entrance. Image credit financialgazette.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Introduction to diseases

  • A disease is an illness
  • Diseases are caused by pathogens
  • Pathogens come in the form of:
  • bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa(single celled animals) and small worms
  • Bacteria can be viewed using a light microscope
  • […]

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Contraception: The use of spermicides

By |2025-02-12T09:43:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Couple having dinner. Image credit singleblackmale.org Couple having dinner. Image credit singleblackmale.org ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes:Contraception:Ways to prevent pregnancy

  • Spermicides are sperm killing chemicals

How it works

  • Are usually in the form of jelly cream placed into the vagina before sexual intercourse
  • The chemical kills spermatozoa

Effectiveness

  • 60-95%

Advantages

  • Does not require […]
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Protecting Water supplies

By |2025-02-12T09:10:19+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A protected well. Image credit totallandcare.org A protected well. Image credit totallandcare.org ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Testing the purity of water

  • Most rural areas do not have access to running tap water
  • Their water comes from various sources including dams, wells, boreholes, springs
  • Some of these sources are produce […]
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Pesticide Warning Symbols

By |2025-02-12T09:09:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Image credit incomdirect.com Image credit incomdirect.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Pesticide Warning Symbols

  • Pesticides are graded according to their toxicity i.e.
  • According to how harmful they are to humans.
  • Every pesticide must have a label that clearly shows its “danger” level show.
  • There are four common danger levels of chemicals.

Purple […]

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Experiment: Is energy released by germinating seeds?

By |2025-02-12T08:56:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Germinating seeds. Image credit hummert.com Germinating seeds. Image credit hummert.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Is energy released by germinating seeds?

Aim:  Determine whether energy is released when seeds are germinating.

Hypothesis: Seeds are structures produced by plants (living organisms). They respire when they are germinating.

Materials: tow insulated containers/vacuum flasks, two supporting […]

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The mammal heart

By |2025-02-12T09:20:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The structure of the human heart. The structure of the human heart. ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: The mammal heart

  • Is made up of muscle which contracts continuously throughout the mammal’s life.
  • The number of contractions differ from mammal to mammal
  • In elephants it contracts about 25 times/minute
  • In humans it contracts about 70-80 […]
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The physical components of the soil

By |2025-02-12T09:40:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Loam soil. Image credit betterground.org Loam soil. Image credit betterground.org ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: The physical components of the soil  

  • Soil is made up of rock/soil particles
  • Some soils are easy to compress because they have air in them
  • Soils are usually moist
  • Soils also have dissolved minerals in them

Sand, Loam and […]

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An introduction to Beams and their types

By |2025-02-12T09:45:45+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

beams_introduction-min Common types of beams and their associated forces ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: An introduction to Beams and their types

  • A beam is any material that is supported so that it can hold a load
  • A simple beam is a length of material e.g steel supported along its length so that […]
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Experiment: The reaction of metals and water

By |2025-02-12T09:35:30+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: The reaction of metals and water

Aim: Investigating and Observing the reactions of metals and water

Materials: calcium, magnesium, zinc, lead, iron, copper, beaker, test tubes, filter funnel, water, splint, burner, universal indicator

Some metals like calcium react with water. Some metals like calcium react with water.

Method

  1. Place a […]
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