February 2025

Sustainable use of tropical rainforests

By |2025-02-12T08:55:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Tree cutting in the rainforest. Image credit carbonbrief.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Sustainable use of tropical rainforests

  • The future survival of humankind depends on sustainable economic growth and development.
  • This is made possible by putting in place polices and sustainable/conservation programs such as the CAMPFIRE.
  • The following are […]
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Inland fresh water fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:32:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Woman fishing in a river. Image credit adventourizim.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Inland fresh water fishing

  • Subsistence fishing has been and is still practiced in Southern Africa.
  • Subsistence fishing refers to fishing, other than sport fishing, that is carried out primarily to feed the family and relatives […]
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Fish conservation at sea level

By |2025-02-12T09:19:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fish drying. Image credit irinnews.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:Fishing:Fish conservation at sea level

  • Sustainable use of fish resources is necessary in order to meet present and future needs.
  • The following have been adapted by SADC countries to ensure sustainability of the fishing industry.
  • Quota system. Countries like South […]
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Small scale energy sources and plants:Biogas plant

By |2025-02-12T09:44:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Biogas Digestor in rural Zimbabwe. Image credit climatetracker.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Small scale energy sources and plants:Biogas plant

  • To install a bio-gas plant, a pit is dug underground near to the kitchen the depth of which is determined by the size of the plant the family wants […]
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Forestry: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:18:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Trees in a rainforest. Image credit wabash.edu

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Renewable resources:Forestry Introduction

  • Trees are an important natural resources in mankind’s pursuit for long lasting (sustainable) economic development and a better quality of lives.
  • Trees are a renewable resource since people can engage in reforestation and afforestation […]
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Tropical Forest Case study:The Korup Project

By |2025-02-12T08:57:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Korup National Park. Image credit himalayaninstitute.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Case study:The Korup Project

  • This project is located in the south-western part of Cameroon, on the border with Nigeria.
  • The forest around this area is characterized by high rainfall and poor soils making it unsuitable for raising crops
  • The […]
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Fishing:Natural lakes

By |2025-02-12T09:33:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Inland water fishing in Zambia. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Fishing:Natural lakes

  • Fresh water lakes are mainly found in Tanzania, Malawi and Zambia.
  • Zimbabwe does not have natural lakes, all are man-made.
  • Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania and Lake Malawi are the largest and deepest rift […]
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Fish processing and marketing

By |2025-02-12T09:19:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Processing fish by drying them. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Fish processing and marketing

  • Most of the fish are sold fresh at the fishing ports and major urban areas in the region.
  • Use of refrigerated facilities has become increasingly important.
  • Some fresh fish are transported into […]
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Small scale energy sources and plants:Solar energy

By |2025-02-12T09:44:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Photo-voltaic power plant. Image credit oorjasolar.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Small scale energy sources and plants:Solar energy

  • Solar energy is converted into electrical energy in two ways
  • The first is through the use of solar panels
  • These are also known as photo voltaic power plants for reasons […]
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Exploitation of natural resources

By |2025-02-12T09:24:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Exploitation of natural resources, gold panning in Mozambique.Image credit nytimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources:Resource Exploitation

  • The exploitation of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth, sometimes with a negative implication of accompanying environmental degradation.
  • It started to emerge on an industrial scale in the […]
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