mfecane Archives - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:37:06+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Zulu regiment in a film. Image credit pininterest.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction

The group of Bantu speaking people who lived in the Southern-Eastern region of Southern Africa were called the Nguni
Nguniland was divided into three groups namely, the Zulu or Northern Kingdom, Xhosa and the […]
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The Mfecane

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:37:06+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Zulu Army modern reenactment. Image credit britishempire.co.uk

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: The Mfecane

It means a time of crushing
It was also given a Sesotho name called Difaqane or Lifaqane
It was a time of widespread warfare and disorder indigenous groups in Southern Africa from about 1815 […]
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Causes of Mfecane/Difaqane

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:37:05+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Zulu soldiers at a village kraal. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: The Mfecane

Rapid population growth resulted on competition for land which was needed for agricultural, grazing and residential purposes
This led to over-cultivation of soils and later soil erosion
Bigger and powerful states like the […]
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Sobhuza versus Zwide

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:37:05+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Nguni apparel. Image credit BBC

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Sobhuza versus Zwide

Zwide Kalanga (1758-1825) was the king of the Ndwandwe/Nxumalo nation circa 1805 to circa 1820
Around the time Zwide was king the Ndwandwe were a growing military power
Zidwe was an ambitious leader keen on expanding […]
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Zwide and Dingiswayo

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:37:04+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A dance in honour of King Dingiswayo. Image credit dailysun.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Zwide versus Dingiswayo

Dingiswayo(circa 1780-1817) was born Godongwana
He staged a failed coup against his father who was the king of the Mthethwa
He fled and adopted the name Dingiswayo which means wanderer
He came back […]
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Effects of Mfecane on Southern and Central Africa

By Karen Mukungurutse|2022-09-15T12:36:57+02:00January 24th, 2023|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Zulu people in traditional warrior dress. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Effects of Mfecane on Southern and Central Africa

The effects of Mfecane can be grouped into positive and negative effects

Positive Effects

The Mfecane led to the creation of strong centralised new states that is, the Zulu […]
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January 2023

Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction

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The Mfecane

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Causes of Mfecane/Difaqane

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Sobhuza versus Zwide

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Zwide and Dingiswayo

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Effects of Mfecane on Southern and Central Africa

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2022 O Level Results Out