February 2025

Machines

By |2025-02-12T09:35:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Gears in a machine. Image credit wall.alphacoders.com Gears in a machine. Image credit wall.alphacoders.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Machines

  • A machine is a device that makes work easier either by:
  • Reducing the effort (force) required to lift the load or
  • By changing the direction in which the effort is […]
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Machines:Levers

By |2025-02-12T09:36:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Machines:Levers

  • A lever is a very simple machine
  • It is made up of a rigid bar resting on a pivot,
  • used to move a  load with one end
  • by applying an effort on the other end
  • Examples of machines that use the lever are:
  • scissors, human arm, hand pump, claw hammer, shovel

 

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Experiment: Lever position and mechanical advantage

By |2025-02-12T09:37:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Lever position and effort Lever position and effort ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Lever position and mechanical advantage

Aim: To show that mechanical advantage depends on lever position

Materials: 1m rectangular poplar wood pieces, string, measuring tape, weights, clamp

Method

  1. Cut a grooves at 20cm, 40 cm and 50 cm lengths from the right […]
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Machines: The inclined plane

By |2025-02-12T09:39:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Machines: The inclined plane

  • Is also known as a ramp
  • is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle,
  • with one end higher than the other,
  • used as an aid for raising or lowering a load
  • Inclined planes are widely used to move heavy loads over vertical obstacles
  • examples vary from a […]
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Experiment:Finding the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane

By |2025-02-12T09:40:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment:Finding the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane

Aim: Finding the Mechanical Advantage of an inclined plane

Materials: 1m long plank, sandpaper, bricks. cotton reel, nails, thick steel wire, wood block (smoothed on the underside) weights/tin and sand, pliers, string, spring balance/scales

Finding the mechanical of an inclined plane Finding the […]

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Machines: Pulleys

By |2025-02-12T09:41:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Wooden pulleys. Image credit wisegeek.com Wooden pulleys. Image credit wisegeek.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Machines: Pulleys

  • A pulley is a basic device or machine made of a wheel with a rim that a chain/cord/rope fits around
  • A single fixed pulley as shown below is used to change the direction […]
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Experiment:Lifting weights using pulleys

By |2025-02-12T09:43:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Testing pulleys using a test meter Testing pulleys using a test meter ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment:Lifting weights using pulleys

Aim: To use pulleys to lift loads

Materials:  4 single pulleys, string, 1kg mass/a tin filled with sand, spring balance, clamp stand, meter rule

Method

  1. Set up a fixed pulley as shown above

    2. […]

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