February 2025

Forts established by the Pioneer Column and their modern names

By |2025-02-12T09:20:06+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A colonial image of Fort Victoria now Masvingo

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:The Colonisation of Zimbabwe:Forts established by the Pioneer Column and their modern names

  • As the Pioneer Column marched into and through Zimbabwe they established forts
  • Most of these have turned into modern centers
  • The table below shows these forts […]
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Towns and Secondary Industry in Rhodesia

By |2025-02-12T09:02:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Salisbury (Harare) in 1910

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Towns and Secondary Industry

  • Blacks had not been allowed in whites locations and this was protected by the Urban Location Ordinance of 1892
  • The developments in mining, agriculture and transport encouraged growth and establishment of towns, such as Bulawayo, Salisbury, […]
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The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1953-1963

By |2025-02-12T09:37:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1953-1963

Introduction

  • In this topic will look at the  Federation of Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland
  • Including steps and movements taken to form the Federation
  • Explain the reasons for the Federation
  • Assess the successes […]
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Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: Reduction of Racial Barriers

By |2025-02-12T09:23:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

First Street Salisbury

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: Racial Barriers Reduction

  • Racial segregation was reduced especially in Southern Rhodesia
  • The Land Apportionment Act was revised allowing for a multi-racial university
  • African professionals in various fields were allowed to practice in Zimbabwe, e.g. Hebert Chitepo
  • Multi-racial clubs […]
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Causes of the Second Chimurenga and the UDI

By |2025-02-12T09:00:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ian Smith signing the UDI.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980:  The Armed Struggle (1966-1979)

  • Nationalists saw that the use of violence and war could not be avoided
  • Many other factors also caused the outbreak of the Chimurenga ranging from reformist pressure politics to […]
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The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:42:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

An image of the draft constitution of 2013

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Introduction

Introduction

  • This topic seeks to define the Zimbabwean constitution and explain its functions
  • It also seeks to explain the background of the Zimbabwe constitution
  • It describe the bill of rights enshrined in the […]
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Appointment of Ministers and Deputy Ministers

By |2025-02-12T09:27:57+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Anastancia Ndlovu, the Deputy Minister of Tourism

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Constitution of Zimbabwe: Appointment of Ministers and Deputy Ministers

  • The President appoints Ministers and assigns functions to them, including the administration of any Act of Parliament or of any Ministry or department, but the President may reserve to […]
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Mussolini’s Foreign policy

By |2025-02-12T09:41:26+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Benito Mussolini with Adolf Hitler. Image credit Smithsonian Magazine

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Italy: Benito Mussolini: Mussolini’s Foreign policy

Foreign expansion

  • As things got difficult at home Mussolini started embarking on foreign adventures.
  • He praised glories of war and promised the recreation of the Roman Empire […]
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How Successful was Hitler’s Domestic Policy

By |2025-02-12T09:04:57+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Volkswagen (The People’s Car) was instituted under Hitler. Image credit Pintrest

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Dictatorship in Europe: Dictatorship in Germany: How Successful was Hitler’s Domestic Policy

Successes of the Policy

  • Hitler managed to reduce and eventually end unemployment in Germany
  • Hitler also managed to rebuild infrastructure that had been […]
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Portuguese attempts to colonise the Mutapa State

By |2025-02-12T09:43:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Early Portoguese Soldiers. Image credit twcenter.net Early Portuguese Soldiers. Image credit twcenter.net ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Portuguese in Zambezi Valley: Portuguese attempts to colonise the Mutapa State

  • Due to a decline in trade the Portuguese decided to send an emissary to the Mutapa State
  • He was tasked with tracing […]
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