geography notes Archives - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Transport: Bicycles, carts and Rickshaws

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:27:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A rickshaw. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Draught Power

Advantages

cheap
clean
versatile
simple and available technology which makes them easy to manufacture and repair
Usually they do not require route permits

Disadvantages

They only carry a limited amount of goods/people
Can cause traffic congestion or make it worse.
They can […]

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Hoyt’s Sector model (1939)

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:01:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hoyt's sector model. Image credit MediaWiki Hoyt’s sector model. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements: Hoyt’s Sector model (1939)

It was published as an alternative to Burgess and Park’s concentric model
It was based on a study of 142 American cities.

Assumptions

In making the model Hoyt made some assumptions
The […]

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The city of Bulawayo

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:41:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The City of Bulawayo. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements: The city of Bulawayo

Bulawayo is the second largest city in Zimbabwe.
With a male population of 303 346
Female – 349 991
Total population – 653 337 according to the 2012 census.
Bulawayo was built at the […]

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Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:30:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bilharzia is a waterborne disease. Image credit lshtm.ac.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

Is also known as schistosomiasis.
It is another serious infection and wide spread in Africa and other tropical and sub-tropical regions.
The disease is caused by a flat worm that lives in various […]

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Farm Inputs: Land size, Soil and Slope

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:23:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Crops require the right soil. Image credit voanewsamerica.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farm Inputs: Land size, Soil and Slope

Land size

Size of the land is significant in farming because where land is short and farming land is small, traditional farmers have to practice intensive subsistence farming.
Subsistence farming is the growing of […]

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Tobacco farming in Zimbabwe

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:32:19+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Tobacco farmers selling their produce at TSF.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Tobacco farming in Zimbabwe

Growing conditions and growing area

This accounts for 30 % of the country forex earnings and 12% of GDP.
It employs over 300 000 people.
Region 2 major growing area.
Rainfall 700-1000 mm […]

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Industrial Relocation

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:31:20+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Relocation can lead to ghost towns. Image credit weebly.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Industrial studies: Industrial Relocation

This is a situation where an industry which had been established in one area has to shift and locate in a new different area.
This may even involve trans-border location.
The industry has […]

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Trade between developing and developed nations

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:37:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Tobacco is Zimbabwe’s top export product.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Trade:Trade between developing and developed nations

Developing countries export mostly raw materials to developed countries and the volume of trade among developing countries is generally low.
Developing countries have the highest proportion of the world’ population and their economies are […]

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Effects of mining on the environment

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:01:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Gullying as a result of panning. Image credit Reuters

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources Impact of mining on the environment

Deforestation and erosion as large areas are cleared when surface methods of mining are used.
Frequency of open quarries, trenches and pits may cause land degradation.
Infrastructure development which include the […]

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Deforestation in tropical rainforests

By Rachel Majaya|2025-02-12T09:41:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Deforestation in a Tropical Rainforest. Image credit .worldwildlife.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Natural Resources:Tropical deforestation

Deforestation in tropical rain forests is mainly a result of the need to meet local and external needs.
Local needs are generally basic and include the following:
Agriculture- population pressures and rural poverty forces people to […]

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February 2025