February 2025

Nomadism Case Study: The Fulani of West Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:15:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fulani herder. Image credit vqronline.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming: Nomadism Case Study: The Fulani of West Africa

  • The Fulani practice their nomadism in a vast tract of land called the Sahel stretching from the Atlantic coast to the Ethiopian Highlands in the east.
  • This region covers […]
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Cotton farming in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:34:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cotton field. Farmer.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Cotton farming in Zimbabwe

Growing conditions and growing area

  • Zimbabwe is the largest producer of the crop in Africa south of the Sahara.
  • A bush crop grown in summer using dry land farming.
  • Rainfall at least 600 mm in the growing season.
  • […]

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Characteristics and methods of small scale mixed farming

By |2025-02-12T09:34:56+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ox drawn ploughs are used by some small scale mixed farmers. Image credit BBC

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Characteristics and methods of small scale mixed farming

  • The characteristics and methods of small scale mixed farming are uniform across the face of Africa.
  • The land owned by the peasant […]
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Wheat farming in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:35:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Wheat field

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Wheat farming in Zimbabwe

Growing conditions and growing area

  • Very capital-intensive crop growth mainly by commercial farmers in Zimbabwe.
  • Capital required for seeds, irrigation equipment, fertilizers and machinery.
  • Being a temperate crop, it is grown in winter under irrigation.
  • Rainfall must be […]
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Plantation (estate) farming

By |2025-02-12T09:39:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A tea estate. Image credit blogspot.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Plantation (estate) farming

  • This is the large-scale production, usually of one crop on a large piece of land called an estate, for an extended period of time.
  • The crop grown here may be perennial, that is, grown […]
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Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:40:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sugarcane in the Lowveld. Image credit voanews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Reasons for the decline of plantation farming in Africa

  • Despite the advantages of estate farming estate farming has its problems.
  • They exhaust soils of the same nutrients since one crop may be grown for up to 30 […]
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The major estates of Zimbabwe: Hippo Valley case study

By |2025-02-12T09:40:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hippo Valley Estate. Image credit wordpress.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:The major estates of Zimbabwe: Hippo Valley case study

  • Hippo Valley estate is located in the S.E Lowveld of Zimbabwe.
  • Size-Large land of size 111 4555 ha leased to a company by government.
  • Ownership-Ownership is by Anglo-American Corporation […]
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Irrigation Farming

By |2025-02-12T09:41:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Small scale irrigation. Image credit wfp.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Irrigation Farming

  • This is the artificial application of water on land in order to grow crops when prevailing climatic and weather conditions cannot sustain such crop growth.
  • This expensive farming system is carried out in order to:
    1. Increase […]
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Types of Irrigation

By |2025-02-12T09:42:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sprinkler irrigation are a form of modern irrigation. Image credit financialgazette.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Irrigation Farming:Types of Irrigation

  • irrigation may be divided into two groups namely:
  • traditional forms of irrigation and
  • modern ones.

Traditional forms of irrigation

  • Under traditional methods, there’s the water wheel moved by draught power […]
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Agriculture: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:39:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Agriculture is a critical part of the Zimbabwean economy. Image credit care.ca

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture: Introduction

  • Agriculture is a primary activity in which man extracts food and industrial raw materials from nature on a production unit known as a farm.
  • As a result, this industry or activity is called farming.
  • […]

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