February 2025

Effects of the usage of iron

By |2025-02-12T09:00:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

An Iron Age compound (reconstruction). Image credit archaeology.org

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Early Societies (Late Stone Age – Early Iron Age): Effects of the usage of iron

  • the effects of the usage of iron during the Iron Age can be divided into various groups:

Economic effects

  • The introduction made it possible for […]
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The rise of Tshaka

By |2025-02-12T09:18:30+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A painting depicting Tshaka. Image credit ancient-origins.net

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Zulu under Tshaka: The rise of Tshaka

  • Shaka was born in 1787 as an illegitimate of Senzangakona who was a Zulu chief and Nandi a daughter of chief of the Elangeni tribe
  • During the time of his birth, the […]
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Religious Organisation of the Ndebele State

By |2025-02-12T09:44:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Drawing of Ndebele army dancing. Image credit plus.google.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State:Religious Organisation of the Ndebele State

  • They believed in a supreme God whom they called Umnkulunkulu.
  • The Ndebele adopted the Rozvi Mwari called Mlimo in SiNdebele and Amadhloziformerly called masvikiro
  • In times of disaster they consulted the […]
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The Berlin Conference

By |2025-02-12T09:34:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Otto von Bismarck. Image credit famouspeople.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Scramble and Partition of Africa:The Berlin Conference

  • The Berlin colonial conference took place from 1884-1885
  • This is not to be confused with the Congress of Berlin(1878) or the Postdam conference of 1945
  • It was called for by the German […]
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First Chimurenga: Why were the Ndebele and Shona Defeated?

By |2025-02-12T09:15:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

First Chimurenga prisoners

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The First Chimurenga: Why were the Ndebele and Shona Defeated?

  • There were an estimate 188 injuries and 450 deaths among Europeans and 8000 deaths among Africans
  • They were defeated because they had inferior weapons
  • The whites had dynamites, maxim guns and powders whilst […]
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Pieces of Discriminatory Laws Passed for the Benefit of the Whites in Rhodesia

By |2025-02-12T08:55:51+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Sir Charles Coghlan Prime Minister of Rhodesia.

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Pieces of Discriminatory Legislation Passed to the Benefit of the Whites

  • 1895 Law on Compulsory Identity Cards (Chitupa)
  • Registration of Labour Act of 1896
  • Private Location Act of 1908
  • African Labourers Act of 1911
  • Industrial Conciliation Act […]
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Problems Encountered by the First Miners

By |2025-02-12T09:19:32+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Diamond mine owners and their workers at Kimberly. Image credit wayfarersbookshop.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: South Africa 1867 – 1910: Problems Encountered by the First Miners

  • Diamonds were stolen by labourers through swallowing
  • The holes were usually dug deep and mines were joined making it difficult to identify and distinguish […]
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The Composition of the Federal Government

By |2025-02-12T09:05:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Lord Llewellin 1940

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Composition of the Federal Government

The Governor and Executive

  • The Governor General was the Head of Government and he represented the British Queen
  • He was appointed by the Queen and received order from the her or the King directly
  • The Governor General worked […]
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The WatchTower Movement

By |2025-02-12T09:44:19+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Watchtower Church. Image credit abbarch.com

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: The Watch Tower Movement

  • The movement was influenced by the black American missionary activity in South Africa of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society (Jehovah’s Witnesses)
  • the movement converted miners who […]
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The Second Chimurenga: Escalation of the War

By |2025-02-12T09:25:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level History Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Rhodesia Army soldier standing guard while people play golf

ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Struggle for Independence in Colonial Zimbabwe 1900-1980: Escalation of War

  • The war spread throughout Rhodesia by 1977 and ZANLA forces were stationed in Mozambique and they operated in Mashonaland whilst ZIPRA were in Matebeleland and stationed in […]
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