February 2025

Pipelines

By |2025-02-12T09:33:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Pipeline under construction. Image credit MediaWiki Pipeline under construction. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Pipeline

Advantages

  • They are very efficient
  • They are cheap once the installation has been completed.
  • They can carry fluids in bulk.

Disadvantages

  • They are immobile i.e the route cannot be changed once they are installed.
  • Can only carry fluids […]
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Possible solutions to Urbanisation problems

By |2025-02-12T09:44:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Murambinda Growth Point. Image credit newsday.co.zw Murambinda Growth Point. Image credit newsday.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements:Possible solutions to Urbanisation problems

  • Most LEDCs such as Zimbabwe struggle with urbanisation problems
  • This is because most countries cannot cope with the rapid rate of urbanisation
  • as the rate of industrialization and economic growth is […]
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Causes of Rapid Population change and the effects of rapid population change

By |2025-02-12T09:06:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hopely Farm settlement

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population: Causes of Rapid Population change and the effects of rapid population change

  • Improvement in the basic health care which has a lowered the death rate
  • Cultural factors for example, the desire to have a male child factor in the patriarchal societies
  • Need for […]
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Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

By |2025-02-12T09:30:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bilharzia is a waterborne disease. Image credit lshtm.ac.uk

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Common Killer diseases in the Tropics: Bilharzia

  • Is also known as schistosomiasis.
  • It is another serious infection and wide spread in Africa and other tropical and sub-tropical regions.
  • The disease is caused by a flat worm that lives in various […]
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Nomadism Case Study: The Fulani of West Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:15:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fulani herder. Image credit vqronline.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Subsistence farming: Nomadism Case Study: The Fulani of West Africa

  • The Fulani practice their nomadism in a vast tract of land called the Sahel stretching from the Atlantic coast to the Ethiopian Highlands in the east.
  • This region covers […]
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The Main Irrigation Schemes of Africa and Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:14:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Vaal Barrage dam in South Africa. Image credit blogspot.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:The Main Irrigation Schemes of Africa and Zimbabwe

  • Almost every country in Africa has irrigation schemes of different sizes, most of them too small to note but the big ones are few due to the […]
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Raw Materials and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:05:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location: Raw Materials and Location of industries 

  • From this calculation, a number of situations may arise:
  • \text{Raw Materials Index (RMI)} =\dfrac{\text{weight of raw materials}}{\text{weight of finished product}}
  • The formula used is
  • Industrialists calculate what is called the raw material index (RM index) to determine how raw materials will affect the location […]
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Roads in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:11:20+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Wide tarred road with a cycle track.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Road transport network in Zimbabwe

  • Roads in Zimbabwe have been divided into groups, namely:<
    1. Wide-tarred roads which are two-way highways with a minimum width of 6 metres, and
    2. Other roads include here are narrow-tarred roads, strip roads and […]
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Factors influencing world trade

By |2025-02-12T09:07:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Trucks at the border between Zimbabwe and South Africa. Image credit BBC

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Trade:Factors influencing world trade

  • There are several factors that influence trade.
  • Some of these factors are:
  • National income

If a country’s income level (national income) increases by a higher percentage than those of other countries, […]

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Copper products, benefits and problems

By |2025-02-12T09:39:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Copper products in a hardware store

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Copper mining in Zambia:Copper products

The following is a list of properties of copper:

  • Copper is ductile. Meaning it can be made into wire.
  • It can be polished, thus it is used for making ornaments for example, copper plates, […]
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