February 2025

Commercial ranching

By |2025-02-12T09:20:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Brahman cattle. Image credit agcanada.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Commercial ranching

  • This is the large scale rearing of livestock mainly to produce meat for sale.
  • In Zimbabwe however, the ranching has of late been diversified with the farmers not just keeping cattle and sheep but also wildlife […]
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Power supply and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:06:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Power is important in industry

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Power supply and Location of industries

  • Almost all modern industries use electricity in their industrial process.
  • This power can come from individual small stations of thermal, nuclear or hydro-origin in which case the industries must locate close to the […]
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Railways, ports and inland waterways

By |2025-02-12T09:16:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A Ferry on Lake Malawi. Image credit seabreezes.co.im

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Railways, ports and inland waterways

  • Africa’s transport network is the least development in the world for various reason.
  • The continent has some of the world’s poorest nations with very low Gross Domestic Products (GDPs), Gross National Products […]
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The benefits and problems facing SADC

By |2025-02-12T09:08:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Some of the SADC staff.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Trade:The benefits and problems facing SADC

Benefits

  • The countries collectively from a large regional market.
  • Jointly, the countries have a diverse resources base. If exploited fully these would stimulate rapid economic growth within the region.
  • Bilateral trade between member states.
  • There are […]
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Effects of mining on the environment

By |2025-02-12T09:01:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Gullying as a result of panning. Image credit Reuters

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources Impact of mining on the environment

  • Deforestation and erosion as large areas are cleared when surface methods of mining are used.
  • Frequency of open quarries, trenches and pits may cause land degradation.
  • Infrastructure development which include the […]
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Uses,problems,solutions of commercial forests in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:40:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Treated poles. Image credit wattle.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Uses, problems and solutions of commercial forests

  • Commercial forests have different uses.
  • Some of which include:
    1. The pine and eucalyptus are mainly used for construction purposes, furniture making as well as in the pulp and paper industry.
    2. Treated eucalyptus poles are also […]
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Natural Resources: Water conservation

By |2025-02-12T09:25:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Conservation of water is important. Image credit voanews.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water:Water conservation

  • Water conservation is the management of water resources in ways that prevent them from pollution.
  • It includes all the policies, strategies and activities made to sustainably manage the natural resource fresh water.
  • It also […]
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Sea fisheries found on the east coast of Southern Africa

By |2025-02-12T09:12:02+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fishing on the Beira Coast in Mozambique. Image credit irinnews.org

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing: Sea fisheries on the east coast of Southern Africa

  • The east coast of Southern Africa is washed by warm ocean currents, like the Mozambique current and the warm Agulhas current.
  • The area therefore […]
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Geothermal power: Introduction

By |2025-02-12T09:34:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Geothermal Power Station. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Geothermal power

  • Geothermal power is generated using steam rhythmically shooting out from underground at high pressure in the form of geysers.
  • To control the movement of steam, an intricate network of pipes is installed collecting and directing the […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar energy

By |2025-02-12T09:00:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Solar Power Plant. Image credit sma-america.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar energy

 Advantages

  • Renewable energy source.
  • Plentiful and inexhaustible.
  • Very clean.
  • Relatively cheap.
  • Can power vehicles.
  • Suitable even in remote areas.
  • High energy output.
  • No pollutions associated with it.

Disadvantages

  • Expensive for poor rural communities.
  • Affected […]
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