February 2025

The theory of continental drift

By |2025-02-12T09:12:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Evedence for the continental drift. Image by Wiki Commons. Evidence for the continental drift. Image by Wiki Commons. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: The theory of continental drift

  • The theory of or idea that present day continents were once one single continent.
  • Continental drifts refers to the movement of continents.
  • The theory says that […]
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Benefits and Problems of Volcanoes

By |2025-02-12T09:04:37+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fertile volcanic soil Kenya. Image credit tishaferral.com Fertile volcanic soil Kenya. Image credit tishaferral.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Benefits and Problems of Volcanoes

Benefits of volcanoes to humans

  • They eject lava and ash which in turn produce very fertile soils which boost agriculture activities.
  • Volcanoes and areas near them can […]
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Earthquakes and their causes

By |2025-02-12T09:05:59+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Destruction wreaked by an earthquake. Image credit Telegraph.co.uk Destruction wreaked by an earthquake. Image credit Telegraph.co.uk ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Earthquakes and their causes

  • An earthquake is a shaking, vibration, trembling or movement in the earth’s crust.
  • They are caused by one tectonic plate sliding over or past another plate along […]
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Convergence and collision zones/plates

By |2025-02-12T09:16:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Convergence zone. Image by Coft.edu Convergence zone. Image by Coft.edu ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Plate tectonics: Convergence Zone.

Convergence zone

  • Are also know as destructive plates (zones) or the zone of subduction.
  • This is when two plates move towards each other as shown on the diagram above.
  • An Ocean crust moves towards a […]
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The effects of earthquakes

By |2025-02-12T09:08:11+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A tsunami in Miyako Japan 2011/Image credit Ibtimes. A tsunami in Miyako Japan 2011/Image credit Ibtimes. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: The effects of Earthquakes.

Factors that may affect the impact of earthquakes.

  • Distance of concerned area from epicenter although you should take note of the factor below.
  • Coastal locations have a higher risk […]
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Divergence/Constructive zone/plates

By |2025-02-12T09:18:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Divergent plates. Image by Cornel. Divergent plates. Image by Cornel. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Plate Tectonics: Convergence Plates

  • In a divergence zone plates move away from one another thus the name “divergence.”
  • Magma up-wells from the mantle to fill the gap left by the diverging plates.
  • The magma provides new material to form […]
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Weathering

By |2025-02-12T09:10:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A weathered boulder. Image credit earthlearningidea. A weathered boulder. Image credit earthlearningidea. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Weathering

  • Earth movements (plate tectonics) create and lead to the development of the earth’s major landforms for example block mountains, volcanic cones, lava plateaus and rift valleys.
  • As soon as they are formed denudation processes […]
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Conservative zones/Transform faults

By |2025-02-12T09:19:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Landform Studies, Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A conservative margin. Image by Expediatearcade. A conservative margin. Image by Expediatearcade. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Plate Tectonics: Transform Zones

  • At constructive zones plates slide sideways past each other.
  • In opposite directions in a tear or shear fashion.
  • At these margins lithosphere (land/oceanic crust) is neither created nor destroyed
  • That is neither plate is […]
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