February 2025

Nuclear power: Factors affecting location

By |2025-02-12T09:36:40+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Pelindaba Nuclear station South Africa. Image credit thinkgeoenergy.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy: Nuclear power: Location factors

  • The pollution caused by nuclear power plants and the ever present danger of a melt down and nuclear fall-out have made such plants very sensitive in terms of location relative to […]
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Transport: Draught power

By |2025-02-12T09:27:17+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mules carrying packs. Image credit MediaWiki Mules carrying packs. Image credit MediaWiki ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Draught Power
Draught power

  • Refers to the use of animals such as elephants, mules, donkeys, camels and horses

Advantages

  • It is cheap
  • It is much more readily available
  • Can scale steep terrain and reach inaccessible areas.
  • Does not require […]
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The concentric model/Burgess’s model (1924)

By |2025-02-12T08:59:41+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The Concentric Model. Image credit edublogs.org The Concentric Model. Image credit edublogs.org ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Settlements: The concentric model/Burgess’s model (1924)

  • This is known alternatively as the concentric model, the ring model for urban land use or Burgess’ model.
  • It was formulated by Burgess and Park in 1924 after their […]
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Population and health

By |2025-02-12T09:28:22+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Unsafe water is a health hazard. Image credit reuters.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Population and resources:Population and health

  • Important sources of a country’s health and quality of life are water supply and sanitation.
  • 97% of the world’s water resources is salty water mainly in the seas and oceans.
  • Of the remaining 3%, […]
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Farm Inputs: Sunshine,Temperature and Rainfall

By |2025-02-12T09:22:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Crops require good sunshine and a certain temperature in order to grow. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming as a system:Farm Inputs: Sunshine and Temperature

Sunshine

  • It refers to cloud free days experienced in an area.
  • The number of days with sunshine decreases as latitude increases towards the poles.
  • Sunshine is […]
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Commercial farming in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:31:36+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Commercial Farm in Zimbabwe.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa: Commercial farming in Zimbabwe

Inputs

  • Land– ranges from 500 to 100 000 ha.
  • Rainfall– water for irrigation comes from rivers, dams, lakes or aquifers.
  • Capital– comes from banks or other farmers.
  • Labour– this comes from the farmers himself, skilled and […]
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Problems faced by ZISCO

By |2025-02-12T09:14:53+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

The now defunct ZISCO steel. Image credit Newsday.co.zw

ZISCO Steel ceased operations in 2016

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Iron and Steel Industry:Problems faced by ZISCO

  • Old machinery – ZISCO has 4 blast furnaces of which only Blast Furnace No. 3 has been operating at near capacity.
  • The others due to […]
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Introduction to trade

By |2025-02-12T09:36:39+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Flow of goods and services in trade. Image credit uwaterloo.ca

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Trade:Introduction

  • Trade, or commerce, involves the transfer of goods or services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money.
  • It can also be defined as the flow of commodities and services from producers […]
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Oil in Nigeria:Benefits, drawbacks, problems of oil extraction

By |2025-02-12T09:00:47+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

An oil spill in Nigeria. Image credit huffingtonpost.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Oil in Nigeria:Problems of oil extraction

The following are problem associated with oil extractions:

  • Hot humid equatorial climate is associated with high incidence of environmental diseases.
  • High temperatures reduce the capability of to work.
  • Slippery and unstable […]
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