February 2025

Modern Developments in Transport: Road transport

By |2025-02-12T09:30:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Google’s Self-driving car. Image credit abclocal.go.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport:Modern Developments in Transport: Road transport

  • With technology advancement, increase in human population and growth in national, regional and international trade, there has been tremendous improvements in all modes of transport for good and people.
  • The main aims of these improvements […]
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Problems being faced by the Mining Industry in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:37:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Abandoned mine. Image credit wenxuecity.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Problems being faced by the Mining Industry in Zimbabwe

  • Disinvestment by TNC after 1980 resulted in some mine closures and creation of ghost towns.
  • For example are Kamative and Mhangura.
  • Some mine closures are also as a result of […]
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Effects of deforestation in rural areas

By |2025-02-12T09:24:09+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Deforestation also occurs around urban areas

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Forestry:Effects of deforestation in rural areas

  • Deforestation is not limited to communal areas in Zimbabwe but also extends to commercial farming areas and even government protected woodlands.
  • People poach timber for sale in towns as firewood or to […]
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Natural Resources: Water pollution

By |2025-02-12T09:25:05+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water: Water pollution

  • Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater.
  • This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
  • Water pollution can also be defined as the […]
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Ocean currents and the fishing industry

By |2025-02-12T09:11:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Ocean currents of the world. Image credit Pearson

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Ocean currents and the fishing industry

  • Ocean currents are important in the fishing industry as they affect the growth of plankton which provides fish food.
  • Warm ocean currents restrict the growth of plankton hence give rise […]
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Thermal Power: Locational Factors

By |2025-02-12T09:34:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Cooling towers. Hwange Thermal. Image credit esi-africa.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Thermal Power: Location Factors

Fuel source

  • Thermal power stations cab be located at the fuel source.
  • This is if the fuel is difficult to transport.
  • For example Hwange Thermal Power station is located at the coal fields.
  • The […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar energy

By |2025-02-12T09:00:48+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Solar Power Plant. Image credit sma-america.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar energy

 Advantages

  • Renewable energy source.
  • Plentiful and inexhaustible.
  • Very clean.
  • Relatively cheap.
  • Can power vehicles.
  • Suitable even in remote areas.
  • High energy output.
  • No pollutions associated with it.

Disadvantages

  • Expensive for poor rural communities.
  • Affected […]
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Sample surveys: collecting population data

By |2025-02-12T09:01:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Zimstat officials often carry out sample surveys. Image credit voazimbabwe.com Zimstat officials often carry out sample surveys. Image credit voazimbabwe.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Population:Sample surveys: collecting population data

  • In a sample survey only part of the population is covered in the survey.
  • A survey is an exercise designed to obtain […]
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The effects of migration

By |2025-02-12T09:22:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Migration leads to pressure on resources in receiving areas. Image credit MediaWiki

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Migration: The effects of migration

  • The movement of people from one area to another has both positive and negative effects in both the area of origin and receiving areas.
  • These effects can be social, economic […]
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