February 2025

Power,Authority, Responsibility and span of control

By |2025-02-12T09:34:24+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Mugabe and military officers. image credit insiderzim.com Mugabe and military officers. image credit insiderzim.com

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Organisational Charts

  • These are concepts that are related with how business organisations operate and are organised
  • Power- is the ability or capacity to influence others
  • For example charismatic leaders like Adolf […]
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Laissez-faire leadership style

By |2025-02-12T09:13:21+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Laissez Faire means to let go. Image credit slate.com

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Laissez-faire leadership style

  • Is also known as the free-reign style
  • It comes from a French phrase which means to let go
  • The free reign leader sets goals for subordinates and
  • sets the parameters within which […]
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The need for/importance of effective communication

By |2025-02-12T09:03:01+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Communication in Business: The need for/importance of effective communication

  • Communication is said to be effective when it is received and understood in the manner in which the sender intended
  • Effective communication is essential to the achievement of the organisation’s goals
  • Without communication it would be hard to define the organisation’s […]
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Labour Turnover

By |2025-02-12T09:25:07+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Managing Human Resources: Human Resources Management: Labour Turnover

  • It is a statistical measure of the number of people who leave an organisation’s employ versus the number of people who remain in that organisation’s employment in a given year
  • It is expressed as a ratio:
  • \dfrac{\text{Number of people who left}}{\text{Avergage number of people employed}} […]
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The Product Life Cycle

By |2025-02-12T09:03:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing: The Product Life Cycle

  • The term product life cycle is used to describe the phases through which a product passes from its introduction to decline
  • It is a basic fact in business that all products introduced go through a number of phases from their introduction to their eventual elimination
  • Generally a product […]
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Price Variations

By |2025-02-12T09:20:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Marketing:Price Variations

  • In addition to employing varies pricing strategies  firms can also make use of price variations
  • This is when prices are adjusted depending on a variety of factors
  • This is usually achieved by using discounts
  • There are therefore a number of discounts
  • Discounts for bulk purchases
  • Discounts for prompt payments
  • Purchases […]
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Business Studies:The profit and loss account

By |2025-02-12T09:41:12+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Business Finance and Accounting: The profit and loss account

  • Organisations that operate on a profit basis traditionally prepare what used to be known as a trading and profit and loss account
  • Nowadays it is more generally known as an Income Statement
  • In strict financial accounting parlance it is called a Statement of Comprehensive […]
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Business Studies: Competition, Controlling Imports and Exports

By |2025-02-12T09:30:13+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Aiding and influencing the businesses: Competition, Controlling Imports and Exports

  • The government has a lot of incentives to control and regulate the operation of businesses
  • Control and regulation can be achieved in a number of ways
  • In this topic we will look at economic policies of the government
  • These include:
  • Regulating competition

    • […]

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Levels of Business Activity

By |2025-02-12T09:16:34+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: The Three Sectors of the Economy

  • There are three levels of economic activity:
  • Primary Level
  • Secondary Level
  • Tertiary Level

 Primary

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  • All those businesses which are related to extraction of raw material from the earth such […]
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Public Corporations/ Parastatals

By |2025-02-12T09:09:57+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Business Studies Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Telone is an example of a Parastatal. Image credit techzim.co.zw Telone is an example of a Parastatal. Image credit techzim.co.zw ZIMSEC O Level Business Studies Notes: Features of Public Corporations/ Parastatals

  • These are entities found in the public sector
  • They are owned by the local and national government and
  • They exist primarily to provide […]
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