February 2025

Experiment: Testing for osmosis in living plants

By |2025-02-12T09:37:52+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Peeled potatoes. Image credit alsalamgroup.com Peeled potatoes. Image credit alsalamgroup.com ZIMSEC O Level Science Notes: Experiment: Testing osmosis in living plant tissue

Materials: potatoes, knife or blade, distilled water, sugar or salt, three containers,weighing balance.

Method

osmosis_plants

Prepare three pieces of peeled potato. Each block must be […]

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The differences between wind and insect pollinated flowers

By |2025-02-12T09:26:15+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Maize flower close up. image credit freeimagescollection.com Maize flower close up. image credit freeimagescollection.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Reproduction in plants: The differences between wind and insect pollinated flowers

  • Not all flowers are  exactly the same
  • Some flowers have adapted to be pollinated by wind
  • Others have adapted in a way […]
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Experiment: Testing the alkalinity/acidity of the soil

By |2025-02-12T09:45:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Testing the PH of soil. Image credit blogspot.com Testing the PH of soil. Image credit blogspot.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Testing the alkalinity/acidity of the soil

Materials: Universal indicator/PH paper/PH Test meter, distilled water, test tubes, soil samples

Method

  1. Place the soil samples into test tubes to a height of about […]
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Molecules

By |2025-02-12T09:07:27+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Molecules of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and water Molecules of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and water ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Molecules

  • A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound formed when atoms of elements combines
  • The atoms combine together by forming bonds
  • When these bonds are formed there are energy changes
  • Typically heat energy […]
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Experiment: The reaction of metals with dilute Hydrochloric acid

By |2025-02-12T09:41:04+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Copper does not react with hydrochloric acid. Image credit fphoto.com Copper does not react with hydrochloric acid. Image credit fphoto.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes:  Experiment: The reaction of metals with dilute Hydrochloric acid

Aim: To examine the reactivity of metals with dilute hydrochloric acid

Materials: 5 test tubes, dilute hydrochloric acid, magnesium, zinc, […]

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Experiment: Investigating the neutralisation process

By |2025-02-12T09:10:28+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: Investigating the neutralisation process

Aim: To find out what happens to the pH of an acid when a base is added

Materials: vinegar, plastic beaker, measuring cylinder, stirring rod, spatula/plastic teaspoon, slaked lime (calcium hydroxide), universal indicator paper

Method

  1. Place about 10 cm3 of vinegar in a beaker
  2. Dilute it with an equal volume of water
  3. Remove […]
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Purification of copper using electrolysis

By |2025-02-12T09:27:29+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Electrolysis of copper. Image credit 180daysofteaching.wordpress.com Electrolysis of copper. Image credit 180daysofteaching.wordpress.com ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes:Purification of copper using electrolysis

  • The impure copper (blister copper) yielded from the converter
  • Is then molded into thick sheets
  • These sheets become positive plates i.e.
  • they are connected on the positive side […]
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Experiment making ethanol

By |2025-02-12T09:08:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Science Notes, Ordinary Level Notes|

Fermentation of glucose Fermentation of glucose ZIMSEC O Level Combined Science Notes: Experiment: making ethanol

Aim: To make ethanol by fermenting glucose

Materials: conical flask/plastic bottle, cork, glass/rubber tube,lime water, 5% glucose solution, yeast, mealie meal

Method

  1. Add about 50cm3 of the 5% glucose solution into the flask
  2. Add a spatula of yeast/mix mealie meal with water […]
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