January 2023
The Okavango River. Image from The Portuguese who visited the Mutapa Kingdom/State
A drawing depicting the death of Da Silveira image credit Jesuit.org.sg ZIMSEC History O Level Notes: The Mutapa State: The Portuguese Explorers who visited the Mutapa Kingdom/State
- These are the early European/Portuguese explorers that came to the Mutapa Kingdom:
- Father Gonçalo Da Silveira
- António Fernandes
- Francisco […]
The Officials found at Mutapa court
A modern day spirit medium. Image credit blogspot.com ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Officials found at Mutapa Court
The following officials were found at the Mutapa court in the Mutapa kingdom.
- The Mutapa himself.
- The Governor of Provinces (Nengomasha) who was in fact the king’s […]
African Evangelists who operated in Zimbabwe in the 19th century
Anglicans still gather at Bernard Mizeki in Marondera. Image credit relzim.org ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Missionaries: African Evangelists who operated in Zimbabwe in the 19th century 
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A list of known Mhondoros/Svikiros in the Mutapa Kingdom
Nyakasikana the last known medium of Nehanda.
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Mutapa Kingdom: A list of known Mhondoros/Svikiros in the Mutapa Kingdom
- Mhondoros were the national spirit mediums/ancestral spirits in the Mutapa state
- They were usually made up of royal ancestral spirits
- The word svikiro comes from a Shona verb (infinitive) kusvika which […]
Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction
A Zulu regiment in a film. Image credit pininterest.com
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Crisis in Nguniland: Introduction
- The group of Bantu speaking people who lived in the Southern-Eastern region of Southern Africa were called the Nguni
- Nguniland was divided into three groups namely, the Zulu or Northern Kingdom, Xhosa and the […]
People who occupied Western Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived
Shona women. Image credit emaze.com
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: The Ndebele State: People who occupied Western Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived
- These are the tribes who occupied Zimbabwe when the Ndebele arrived:
- Virwa
- Kalanga
- Nyubi
- Tonga
- Venda
To access more topics go to the History Notes page.
Factors that led to the Industrial Revolution in Britain
Steam train
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Industrial Revolution in Britain:Factors that led to the Industrial Revolution in Britain
- The Agrarian revolution led to the accumulation of financial resources which were needed for the Industrialization
- The new capital from India and West Indies was readily available for industrial investment
- Many banks in Britain […]
Results of the Anglo-Ndebele War of 1893-94
Colonial propaganda drawing of the war
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes:Results of the Anglo-Ndebele War
- The Ndebele were defeated and Lobengula fled from his capital after setting it on fire
- Many Ndebele people were killed
- The defeat of the Ndebele marked the colonization of the whole Zimbabwe
- The Africans became divided […]
Effects of the Land Apportionment Act
African homestead in Rhodesia
ZIMSEC O Level History Notes: Zimbabwe 1894-1969: Effects of the Land Apportionment Act
- Africans lost their land, and inheritance from their ancestors
- It brewed hatred between Europeans and Africans which continued till the Second Chimurenga
- It divided the country into three farming areas
- Europeans began to occupy […]