River Processes Archives - Free ZIMSEC & Cambridge Revision Notes

Ox-bow lakes

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:45:54+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Ox-bow lake. Image credit airphotona.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Ox-bow lakes

An oxbow lake is a U-shaped body of water that forms when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.
This landform is […]

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Waterfalls and Rapids

By garikaib|2025-02-12T08:59:30+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

The Victoria Falls formed by water falling into a faultline. Image credit trekearth.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Waterfalls and Rapids

Waterfalls and Rapids

Waterfalls commonly occur in the upper course section of the river although they can occur […]

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Deltas

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:01:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

A satellite photo of the Nile Delta. Image credit Flckr.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Deltas

A delta is a gently sloping depositional feature that is found at a river’s mouth where it empties into a sea or ocean that extends […]

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River Regime

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:12:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

The river Nile. Image credit historymuseum.ca ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Regime

A river regime is the term used to describe the annual variations in a specified river’s discharge.
A river’s discharge is the volume of water flowing through a river channel.
This is the total […]

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River processes: Basic Concepts

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:13:58+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

A turbulent river. Image credit jokeroo.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River processes:Basic Concepts.

Rivers are perhaps the most important denudation agent.
They carve channels, form valleys,transport and deposit regolith over great distances and other material to form other types of landforms.

Terms used in describing a […]

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River rejuvenation

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:13:25+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Paired terraces resulting from rejuvination. Image credit Geographyas.info ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Rejuvination

Rejuvenation-occurs when there is a negative change in a river’s base level (i.e. when the river’s base level falls) which increases its potential energy and thus enables it […]

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River Erosion

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:18:38+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

River erosion. Image credit Internationalarchives.org ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Erosion

River erosion involves the wearing away of rock and soil found along the river bed and banks.
It also involves the breaking down of the rock particles being carried downstream by the river.
There are four […]

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Drainage Patterns

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:45:35+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

Image credit fanshare.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Drainage Patterns.

Drainage pattern is a term that refers to the way in which a river and its tributaries arrange themselves in the drainage basin.
The drainage pattern evolves over a long period of time and is affected by such factors […]

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River transportation processes

By garikaib|2025-02-12T09:20:18+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

River transportation processes. Image credit BBC. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: River Transportation Processes.

Any energy left after a river has overcome friction is used to transport sediment.
This energy varies directly with a river’s discharge, velocity and turbulence
That is if they increase the amount of […]

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Drainage Basin

By garikaib|2025-02-12T08:57:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes, River Processes|

The drainage basin. Image credit BBC. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Drainage Basin

The term drainage basin refers to an area of land drained by a river and its tributaries (river system).
It includes water found in the water table and surface run-off.
The drainage basin is also known […]

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February 2025