February 2025

Farming as a system

By |2025-02-12T09:22:14+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A farm/family plot can be viewed as a system. Image credit mg.co.za

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming as a system

  • A farm is a tract of land on which crops and often livestock are raised for livelihood
  • A farm can be viewed as a system
  • A system is a set of interacting […]
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Gezira versus Lowveld Irrigation schemes

By |2025-02-12T09:17:10+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Gezira Irrigation cotton plants. Image credit MIT

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Agriculture:Farming types in Africa:Gezira  versus Lowveld Irrigation schemes

Gezira Irrigation Scheme

  • Is one of the largest irrigation schemes in the world
  • It is found int the state of   Al Jazirah in Sudan
  • It is located at the confluence of the […]
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Market and Location of industries

By |2025-02-12T09:06:16+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Bread is perishable and therefore it’s industries are located close to the market.

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes:Types of Industrial Location:Market and Location of industries

  • Some industries are market-based not because their products are heavier than the raw materials making them, but because they are perishable.
  • Examples are opaque beer and […]
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The railways in Zimbabwe

By |2025-02-12T09:11:42+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

NRZ train.chronicle.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Transport: Rail transport network in Zimbabwe

  • The railway network of Zimbabwe is less complicated when compared to the road network.
  • There are,however, some striking similarities between these.
  • The main railway line of Zimbabwe runs along the Central Watershed from Bulawayo through Gweru, Kwekwe, Kadoma and then […]
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Ways in which developing countries can improve trade

By |2025-02-12T09:07:44+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Processed platinum fetches a higher price than raw platinum

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Trade:Ways in which developing countries can improve trade

Trade in developing countries such as Zimbabwe can be enhanced by:

  • Diversification of their economies, that is, by producing a variety of new value added manufactured goods.
  • Investing in human […]
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Case Study:Oil in Nigeria

By |2025-02-12T08:58:50+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Oil drilling on the Niger Delta. Image credit worldofmatter.net

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Exploitation of Natural Resources: Case Study:Oil in Nigeria

  • Nigeria is the largest producer of oil in Africa. This sweet oil is similar in composition to petroleum extracted from the North Sea.
  •  There are six petroleum exportation terminals in […]
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Indigenous commercial forests

By |2025-02-12T09:39:43+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Chirinda Forest in Chimanimani. Image credit afrikascout.de

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Commercial timber resources:Indigenous commercial forests

  • Commercial timber resources in Zimbabwe can be divided into two classes, namely: indigenous tropical hardwoods and the exotic plantations.
    1. The indigenous tropical hardwoods like the Zimbabwean teak, mahogany and mukwa.
    2. The exotic […]
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Natural Resources: Water shortages

By |2025-02-12T09:24:31+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

A boy carrying water during 2016 water shortage in Zimbabwe. Image credit ibtimes.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Water:Water shortages

Water supply shortages both at household and national level could be reduced by:

  • Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient, available water resources to meet water needs within a region.

    • […]

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Ocean and Sea fishing

By |2025-02-12T09:11:23+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

 

Horse Mackerel. Image credit sites.google.com

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Fishing:Fishing:Sea fishing

  • The coastal areas of southern-central Africa stretching from Tanzania, through Mozambique, South Africa, Namibia, Angola and DRC is home to several marine species including fish.
  • Fish resources are concentrated within the narrow continental shelf, a few kilometres […]
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Energy:Thermal power

By |2025-02-12T09:28:46+02:00February 12th, 2025|Notes, O Level Geography, Ordinary Level Notes|

Hwange Thermal Power Station. Image credit businessdaily.co.zw

ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Natural Resources: Energy:Thermal power

  • In thermal power production, fuel is used to heat water in huge boilers, converting this water into steam.
  • The steam at high pressure and through pipes, is directed to turbines.
  • The pressure turns the turbines […]
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