Hot springs and geysers
Castle Geyser USA. Image credit Flyingfishphotography.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Hot Springs and Geysers
February 2025
Benefits and Problems of Volcanoes
Fertile volcanic soil Kenya. Image credit tishaferral.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Benefits and Problems of Volcanoes
Benefits of volcanoes to humans
- They eject lava and ash which in turn produce very fertile soils which boost agriculture activities.
- Volcanoes and areas near them can […]
Calderas
El Boqueron caldera in El Salvador. Image credit Wikispaces.com ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Calderas
- Calderas are very large craters often two or more kilometers in diameter that form at the top of volcanoes.
- They are often deep extending downwards for a few hundred […]
Lava Plateaus
Fissure eruptions at Mt Nyiragongo. Image credit Imgsoup. ZIMSEC O Level Geography Notes: Lava Plateaus
- Lava eruptions through narrow cracks (fissures) tends to be very quiet and subdued.
- The lava spreads out over the surrounding countryside.
- Successive lava outpourings causes successive layers of lava to […]